Nonlocal nonlinear Schrödinger equation and its discrete version: soliton solutions and gauge equivalence
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Soliton solutions (35C08) Soliton equations (35Q51) NLS equations (nonlinear Schrödinger equations) (35Q55) Lie-Bäcklund and other transformations for infinite-dimensional Hamiltonian and Lagrangian systems (37K35) Discrete version of topics in analysis (39A12) Yang-Mills and other gauge theories in mechanics of particles and systems (70S15)
Abstract: In this paper, we try to understand the geometry for a nonlocal nonlinear Schr"{o}dinger equation (nonlocal NLS) and its discrete version introduced by Ablowitz and Musslimani. We show that, under the gauge transformations, the nonlocal focusing NLS and the nonlocal defocusing NLS are, respectively, gauge equivalent to a Heisenberg-like equation and a modified Heisenberg-like equation, and their discrete versions are, respectively, gauge equivalent to a discrete Heisenberg-like equation and a discrete modified Heisenberg-like equation. From the gauge equivalence, although the geometry related to the nonlocal NLS is not very clear, we can see that the properties between the nonlocal NLS and its discrete version and NLS and discrete NLS have big difference. By constructing the Darboux transformation for discrete nonlocal NLS equations including the cases of focusing and defocusing, we derive their discrete soliton solutions, which differ from the ones obtained by using the scattering transformation.
Searching for solutions of the soliton equations and discovering the relations between different nonlinear evolution equations are important work of studying soliton equations. Many systematic methods have been developed to obtain explicit solutions of soliton equations, among which the Darboux transformation is the most famous one. In this paper, the authors first discussed gauge equivalence of the nonlocal focusing/defocusing NLS equation and their discrete cases. Then, depending on the Darboux transformation, soliton solutions of the discrete nonlocal NLS equations (including the focusing and defocusing cases). As an application, some interesting figures are plotted. The research of the nonlocal NLS equation and the discrete case in this paper has discovered many new properties of these equations.
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Cited in
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- N-fold Darboux transformation of the discrete PT-symmetric nonlinear Schrödinger equation and new soliton solutions over the nonzero background
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- Dark solitons, breathers, rogue waves, and their dynamic behaviors in the nonlocal nonlinear Schrödinger equation
- Degenerate soliton solutions and their dynamics in the nonlocal Manakov system: I symmetry preserving and symmetry breaking solutions
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