What is the theory ZFC without power set?

DOI10.1002/MALQ.201500019zbMATH Open1375.03059arXiv1110.2430OpenAlexW1933515991MaRDI QIDQ2827952FDOQ2827952

Authors: Victoria Gitman, Joel David Hamkins, Thomas A. Johnstone 

Publication date: 24 October 2016

Published in: Mathematical Logic Quarterly (MLQ) (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We show that the theory ZFC-, consisting of the usual axioms of ZFC but with the power set axiom removed-specifically axiomatized by extensionality, foundation, pairing, union, infinity, separation, replacement and the assertion that every set can be well-ordered-is weaker than commonly supposed and is inadequate to establish several basic facts often desired in its context. For example, there are models of ZFC- in which $omeg{a}_1$ is singular, in which every set of reals is countable, yet $omeg{a}_1$ exists, in which there are sets of reals of every size $alep{h}_n$, but none of size $alep{h}_{o}mega$, and therefore, in which the collection axiom sceme fails; there are models of ZFC- for which the Los theorem fails, even when the ultrapower is well-founded and the measure exists inside the model; there are models of ZFC- for which the Gaifman theorem fails, in that there is an embedding $j:MoN$ of ZFC- models that is $Sigm{a}_1$-elementary and cofinal, but not elementary; there are elementary embeddings $j:MoN$ of ZFC- models whose cofinal restriction $$ is not elementary. Moreover, the collection of formulas that are provably equivalent in ZFC- to a $Sigm{a}_1$-formula or a $P{i}_1$-formula is not closed under bounded quantification. Nevertheless, these deficits of ZFC- are completely repaired by strengthening it to the theory $ZF{C}^{-}$, obtained by using collection rather than replacement in the axiomatization above. These results extend prior work of Zarach.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1110.2430

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zbMATH Keywords

forcingpower set axiomtheory of ultrapowers

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Consistency and independence results (03E35) Axiomatics of classical set theory and its fragments (03E30)

Cites Work

• A model of set-theory in which every set of reals is Lebesgue measurable
• The interdependence of certain consequences of the axiom of choice
• Proper forcing
• Canonical seeds and Prikry trees
• Certain very large cardinals are not created in small forcing extensions
• Ramsey-like cardinals
• Extensions with the approximation and cover properties have no new large cardinals
• Indestructible strong unfoldability
• Title not available (Why is that?)
• Determinacy in L(ℝ)

Cited In (32)

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• Inner models with large cardinal features usually obtained by forcing
• Open determinacy for class games
• Forcing a set model of \(\mathsf{Z}_3\) + Harrington's principle
• Lower bounds on \(\beta (\alpha)\)
• All melodies are lost -- recognizability for weak and strong \(\alpha \)-register machines
• Generalized effective reducibility
• Generalizations of the Kunen inconsistency
• Easton's theorem for Ramsey and strongly Ramsey cardinals
• Indestructibility properties of Ramsey and Ramsey-like cardinals
• The strong reflecting property and Harrington's Principle
• The weakly compact reflection principle need not imply a high order of weak compactness
• Reflection in second-order set theory with abundant urelements bi-interprets a supercompact cardinal
• Kelley–Morse set theory does not prove the class Fodor principle
• Definable Hamel bases and ${\sf AC}_\omega ({\mathbb R})$
• Independence results for finite set theories in well-founded locally finite graphs
• Axiom of power set in \(L^{\mathrm{re}}\)
• TAKING REINHARDT’S POWER AWAY
• The least weakly compact cardinal can be unfoldable, weakly measurable and nearly \(\theta\)-supercompact
• INITIAL SELF-EMBEDDINGS OF MODELS OF SET THEORY
• Torsion-free abelian groups are consistently $ {\rm a}\Delta ^1_2$-complete
• On extendible cardinals and the GCH
• Elementary epimorphisms between models of set theory
• THE Σ₁-DEFINABLE UNIVERSAL FINITE SEQUENCE
• A model of second-order arithmetic satisfying AC but not DC
• Projective Measure Without Projective Baire
• Comparing material and structural set theories
• A good lightface \(\varDelta_n^1\) well-ordering of the reals does not imply the existence of boldface \(\mathbf{\Delta}_{n - 1}^1\) well-orderings

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