Edge states at phase boundaries and their stability
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Publication:2829630
Estimates of eigenvalues in context of PDEs (35P15) PDEs in connection with quantum mechanics (35Q40) Boundary value problems on manifolds (58J32) Selfadjoint operator theory in quantum theory, including spectral analysis (81Q10) Spinor and twistor methods applied to problems in quantum theory (81R25) Yang-Mills and other gauge theories in quantum field theory (81T13) Quantum field theory on curved space or space-time backgrounds (81T20) Casimir effect in quantum field theory (81T55)
Abstract: We analyse the effects of Robin boundary conditions on quantum field theories of spin 0, 1 and 1/2. In particular, we show that these conditions always lead to the appearance of edge states that play a significant role in quantum Hall effect and topological insulators. We prove in a rigorous way the existence of spectral lower bounds on the kinetic term of the Hamiltonian, which guarantees the stability and consistency of massive field theories when the mass is larger than the lower bound of the kinetic term. We also find an upper bound for the deepest edge state. The explicit dependence of both bounds on the boundary conditions and the size of the system is derived under very general conditions. For fermionic systems we analyse the case of Atiyah-Patodi-Singer and chiral bag boundary conditions. We point out the existence of edge states also in these cases and show that they disappear for small enough systems. Stability is granted in this case.
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