Thermal equilibrium states of a linear scalar quantum field in stationary spacetimes

DOI10.1142/S0217751X1330010XzbMATH Open1268.82005arXiv1209.6068MaRDI QIDQ2840602FDOQ2840602

Authors: Ko Sanders 

Publication date: 22 July 2013

Published in: International Journal of Modern Physics A (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: The linear scalar quantum field, propagating in a globally hyperbolic spacetime, is a relatively simple physical model that allows us to study many aspects in explicit detail. In this review we focus on the theory of thermal equilibrium (KMS) states of such a field in a stationary spacetime. Our presentation draws on several existing sources and aims to give a unified exposition. We also take the opportunity to weaken some of the technical assumptions of the earlier literature. In particular, we completely drop any assumptions on the behaviour of the norm and lapse of the Killing field. This is especially important for physical applications to the exterior region of a stationary black hole. Our review includes results on the existence of a unique ground state and of unique quasi-free KMS states, as well as an evaluation of the evidence that motivates the use of the KMS-condition to characterise thermal equilibrium. We especially draw attention to the poorly understood behaviour of the notion of temperature of a quantum field with respect to locality. If the spacetime is standard static (i.e. if it admits a Cauchy surface that is orthogonal to the Killing field) the analysis can be done even more explicitly. For compact Cauchy surfaces we consider Gibbs states and their properties. For general Cauchy surfaces we give a detailed and rigorous justification of the technique of Wick rotation, including the explicit determination of the Killing-time dependence of the quasi-free KMS states.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1209.6068

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zbMATH Keywords

KMS conditionstationary space-times

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Noncommutative dynamical systems (46L55) Linear operators in ({}^*)-algebras (47C10) Thermal quantum field theory (81T28) Quantum equilibrium statistical mechanics (general) (82B10)

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Cited In (18)

• Local incompatibility of the microlocal spectrum condition with the KMS property along spacelike directions in quantum field theory on curved spacetime
• Local versus global temperature under a positive curvature condition
• Wick rotation of the time variables for two-point functions on analytic backgrounds
• Equilibrium states in thermal field theory and in algebraic quantum field theory
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• Hadamard states on spherically symmetric characteristic surfaces, the semi-classical Einstein equations and the Hawking effect
• Static symmetric solutions of the semi-classical Einstein-Klein-Gordon system
• Weakly coupled local particle detectors cannot harvest entanglement
• On the (Non)Hadamard property of the SJ state in a 1+1 D causal diamond
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• The art of the state
• Local thermal equilibrium and KMS states in curved spacetime
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• Relative entropy and curved spacetimes
• On the adiabatic limit of Hadamard states
• The Hartle-Hawking-Israel state on spacetimes with stationary bifurcate Killing horizons
• Stress tensor bounds on quantum fields
• Asymptotic measurement schemes for every observable of a quantum field theory

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