The Krein matrix: general theory and concrete applications in atomic Bose-Einstein condensates

DOI10.1137/120902471zbMATH Open1291.30184arXiv1212.2951OpenAlexW2964282842MaRDI QIDQ2862270FDOQ2862270

Authors: Todd Kapitula, Dong Yan, Panayotis G. Kevrekidis 

Publication date: 14 November 2013

Published in: SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: When finding the nonzero eigenvalues for Hamiltonian eigenvalue problems it is especially important to locate not only the unstable eigenvalues (i.e., those with positive real part), but also those which are purely imaginary but have negative Krein signature. These latter eigenvalues have the property that they can become unstable upon collision with other purely imaginary eigenvalues, i.e., they are a necessary building block in the mechanism leading to the so-called Hamiltonian-Hopf bifurcation. In this paper we review a general theory for constructing a meromorphic matrix-valued function, the so-called Krein matrix, which has the property of not only locating the unstable eigenvalues, but also those with negative Krein signature. These eigenvalues are realized as zeros of the determinant. The resulting finite dimensional problem obtained by setting the determinant of the Krein matrix to zero presents a valuable simplification. In this paper the usefulness of the technique is illustrated through prototypical examples of spectral analysis of states that have arisen in recent experimental and theoretical studies of atomic Bose-Einstein condensates. In particular, we consider one-dimensional settings (the cigar trap) possessing real-valued multi-dark-soliton solutions, and two-dimensional settings (the pancake trap) admitting complex multi-vortex stationary waveforms.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1212.2951

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zbMATH Keywords

solitonsvorticesHamiltonian eigenvalue problemKrein matrixnonlinear Schrödinger equation

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Meromorphic functions of one complex variable (general theory) (30D30) General topics in linear spectral theory for PDEs (35P05) Stability problems for infinite-dimensional Hamiltonian and Lagrangian systems (37K45)

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• A new Evans function for quasi-periodic solutions of the linearised sine-Gordon equation
• A Reformulated Krein Matrix for Star-Even Polynomial Operators with Applications

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