Marčenko-Pastur theorem and Bercovici-Pata bijections for heavy-tailed or localized vectors

MaRDI QIDQ2863822zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Florent Benaych-Georges, Thierry Cabanal-Duvillard

Publication date 4 December 2013

Published in ALEA. Latin American Journal of Probability and Mathematical Statistics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1204.5154, http://alea.impa.br/articles/v9/09-27.pdf

zbMATH Keywords

infinitely divisible distributionsrandom matricesfree probabilityBercovici-Pata bijectionMarčenko-Pastur theorem

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Random matrices (algebraic aspects) (15B52) Random matrices (probabilistic aspects) (60B20) Central limit and other weak theorems (60F05) Free probability and free operator algebras (46L54)

Abstract: The celebrated Marchenko-Pastur theorem gives the asymptotic spectral distribution of sums of random, independent, rank-one projections. Its main hypothesis is that these projections are more or less uniformly distributed on the first grassmannian, which implies for example that the corresponding vectors are delocalized, i.e. are essentially supported by the whole canonical basis. In this paper, we propose a way to drop this delocalization assumption and we generalize this theorem to a quite general framework, including random projections whose corresponding vectors are localized, i.e. with some components much larger than the other ones. The first of our two main examples is given by heavy tailed random vectors (as in a model introduced by Ben Arous and Guionnet or as in a model introduced by Zakharevich where the moments grow very fast as the dimension grows). Our second main example is given by vectors which are distributed as the Brownian motion on the unit sphere, with localized initial law. Our framework is in fact general enough to get new correspondences between classical infinitely divisible laws and some limit spectral distributions of random matrices, generalizing the so-called Bercovici-Pata bijection.

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