The Lichnerowicz equation on compact manifolds with boundary

DOI10.1088/0264-9381/30/20/205011zbMATH Open1276.83007arXiv1306.1801OpenAlexW1973988574MaRDI QIDQ2864579FDOQ2864579

Authors: Gantumur Tsogtgerel, Michael Holst 

Publication date: 25 November 2013

Published in: Classical and Quantum Gravity (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: In this article we initiate a systematic study of the well-posedness theory of the Einstein constraint equations on compact manifolds with boundary. This is an important problem in general relativity, and it is particularly important in numerical relativity, as it arises in models of Cauchy surfaces containing asymptotically flat ends and/or trapped surfaces. Moreover, a number of technical obstacles that appear when developing the solution theory for open, asymptotically Euclidean manifolds have analogues on compact manifolds with boundary. As a first step, here we restrict ourselves to the Lichnerowicz equation, also called the Hamiltonian constraint equation, which is the main source of nonlinearity in the constraint system. The focus is on low regularity data and on the interaction between different types of boundary conditions, which has not been carefully analyzed before. In order to develop a well-posedness theory that mirrors the existing theory for the case of closed manifolds, we first generalize the Yamabe classification to nonsmooth metrics on compact manifolds with boundary. We then extend a result on conformal invariance to manifolds with boundary, and prove a uniqueness theorem. Finally, by using the method of sub- and super-solutions (order-preserving map iteration), we establish several existence results for a large class of problems covering a broad parameter regime, which includes most of the cases relevant in practice.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1306.1801

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Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Applications of differential geometry to physics (53Z05) Einstein's equations (general structure, canonical formalism, Cauchy problems) (83C05) Approximation procedures, weak fields in general relativity and gravitational theory (83C25) Gravitational energy and conservation laws; groups of motions (83C40) Topological characterizations of particular spaces (54F65)

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• The general relativistic constraint equations
• Lichnerowicz-type equations with sign-changing nonlinearities on complete manifolds with boundary
• Non-CMC solutions of the Einstein constraint equations on compact manifolds with apparent horizon boundaries
• Initial data for rotating cosmologies
• Rough solutions of the Einstein constraints on closed manifolds without near-CMC conditions
• The emergence of gravitational wave science: 100 years of development of mathematical theory, detectors, numerical algorithms, and data analysis tools
• Positive energy theorems in fourth-order gravity
• Einstein-type elliptic systems
• A prescribed scalar and boundary mean curvature problem and the Yamabe classification on asymptotically Euclidean manifolds with inner boundary

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