Linear and nonlinear arabesques: a study of closed chains of negative 2-element circuits

DOI10.1142/S0218127413300334zbMATH Open1277.34058arXiv1302.1071OpenAlexW3098007931MaRDI QIDQ2866048FDOQ2866048

Authors: Chris Antonopoulos, Vasileios Basios, Jacques Demongeot, Pasquale Nardone, René Thomas 

Publication date: 13 December 2013

Published in: International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos in Applied Sciences and Engineering (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: In this paper we consider a family of dynamical systems that we call "arabesques", defined as closed chains of 2-element negative circuits. An $n$-dimensional arabesque system has $n$ 2-element circuits, but in addition, it displays by construction, two $n$-element circuits which are both positive vs one positive and one negative, depending on the parity (even or odd) of the dimension $n$. In view of the absence of diagonal terms in their Jacobian matrices, all these dynamical systems are conservative and consequently, they can not possess any attractor. First, we analyze a linear variant of them which we call "arabesque 0" or for short "A0". For increasing dimensions, the trajectories are increasingly complex open tori. Next, we inserted a single cubic nonlinearity that does not affect the signs of its circuits (that we call "arabesque 1" or for short "A1"). These systems have three steady states, whatever the dimension is, in agreement with the order of the nonlinearity. All three are unstable, as there can not be any attractor in their state-space. The 3D variant (that we call for short "A1_3D") has been analyzed in some detail and found to display a complex mixed set of quasi-periodic and chaotic trajectories. Inserting $n$ cubic nonlinearities (one per equation) in the same way as above, we generate systems "A2_$n$D". A2_3D behaves essentially as A1_3D, in agreement with the fact that the signs of the circuits remain identical. A2_4D, as well as other arabesque systems with even dimension, has two positive $n$-circuits and nine steady states. Finally, we investigate and compare the complex dynamics of this family of systems in terms of their symmetries.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1302.1071

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zbMATH Keywords

Lyapunov exponentsconservative systemsarabesque systemsJacobian circuits and frontierssmaller alignment index (SALI)

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Qualitative investigation and simulation of ordinary differential equation models (34C60) Linear ordinary differential equations and systems (34A30) Nonlinear ordinary differential equations and systems (34A34) Topological structure of integral curves, singular points, limit cycles of ordinary differential equations (34C05) Invariant manifolds for ordinary differential equations (34C45) Stability of solutions to ordinary differential equations (34D20) Analytic circuit theory (94C05) Characteristic and Lyapunov exponents of ordinary differential equations (34D08)

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