The Grothendieck inequality revisited

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Publication:2925657




Abstract: The classical Grothendieck inequality is viewed as a statement about representations of functions of two variables over discrete domains by integrals of two-fold products of functions of one variable. An analogous statement is proved, concerning continuous functions of two variables over general topological domains. The main result is a construction of a continuous map Phi from l2(A) into L2(OmegaA,PA), where A is a set, OmegaA=1,1A, and PA is the uniform probability measure on OmegaA, such that sum_{alpha in A} x(alpha) �ar{y}(alpha)} = int_{Omega_A} Phi(x)Phi(�ar{y})dP_A, x in l^2(A), y in l^2(A), and |Phi(x)|_{L^{infty}} leq K |x|_2, x in l^2(A), for an absolute constant K>1. (Phi is non-linear, and does not commute with complex conjugation.) The bilinear Parseval-like formula above is obtained by iterating the usual Parseval formula in a framework of harmonic analysis on dyadic groups. A modified construction implies a similar integral representation of the dual action between lp and lq, 1/p+1/q=1. Parseval-like formulas are derived in higher dimensions. These variants involve representations of functions of n variables in terms of functions of k variables, 0<k<n. Multilinear extensions of the Grothendieck inequality are obtained, and are used to characterize the feasibility of integral representations of multilinear functionals on a Hilbert space.



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