Persistence criteria for populations with non-local dispersion

DOI10.1007/S00285-015-0911-2zbMATH Open1346.35202arXiv1406.6346OpenAlexW2156487721WikidataQ40750646 ScholiaQ40750646MaRDI QIDQ292665FDOQ292665

Authors: Jérôme Coville, Hoang-Hung Vo, Henri Berestycki 

Publication date: 8 June 2016

Published in: Journal of Mathematical Biology (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: In this article, we analyse the non-local model : ${\displaystyle }$ frac{partial u}{partial t}=Jstar u -u + f(x,u) quad ext{ with }quad x in R^N, ${\displaystyle }$ where $J$ is a positive continuous dispersal kernel and $f(x,u)$ is a heterogeneous KPP type non-linearity describing the growth rate of the population. The ecological niche of the population is assumed to be bounded (i.e. outside a compact set, the environment is assumed to be lethal for the population). For compactly supported dispersal kernels $J$, we derive an optimal persistence criteria. We prove that a positive stationary solution exists if and only if the generalised principal eigenvalue $lambd{a}_p$ of the linear problem ${\displaystyle }$ Jstar varphi(x) -varphi(x) + partial_sf(x,0)varphi(x)+lambda_pvarphi(x)=0 quad ext{ in }quad R^N,${\displaystyle }$ is negative. $lambd{a}_p$ is a spectral quantity that we defined in the spirit of the generalised first eigenvalue of an elliptic operator. In addition, for any continuous non-negative initial data that is bounded or integrable, we establish the long time behaviour of the solution $u(t,x)$. We also analyse the impact of the size of the support of the dispersal kernel on the persistence criteria. We exhibit situations where the dispersal strategy has "no impact" on the persistence of the species and other ones where the slowest dispersal strategy is not any more an "Ecological Stable Strategy". We also discuss persistence criteria for fat-tailed kernels.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1406.6346

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zbMATH Keywords

asymptotic behavioursdispersal budgetheterogeneous KPP nonlocal equationpersistence criteria

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Population dynamics (general) (92D25) Integro-partial differential equations (45K05) Integro-partial differential equations (35R09) Positive linear operators and order-bounded operators (47B65) Eigenvalue problems for integral equations (45C05) Positive solutions of integral equations (45M20)

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