Active matter

DOI10.1007/978-1-4419-6494-6_9MaRDI QIDQ2928035zbMATHOpenAlexFDO

Authors Gautam I. Menon

Publication date 6 November 2014

Published in Rheology of Complex Fluids (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1003.2032

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Biomechanics (92C10) Biopropulsion in water and in air (76Z10)

Abstract: The term active matter describes diverse systems, spanning macroscopic (e.g. shoals of fish and flocks of birds) to microscopic scales (e.g. migrating cells, motile bacteria and gels formed through the interaction of nanoscale molecular motors with cytoskeletal filaments within cells). Such systems are often idealizable in terms of collections of individual units, referred to as active particles or self-propelled particles, which take energy from an internal replenishable energy depot or ambient medium and transduce it into useful work performed on the environment, in addition to dissipating a fraction of this energy into heat. These individual units may interact both directly as well as through disturbances propagated via the medium in which they are immersed. Active particles can exhibit remarkable collective behaviour as a consequence of these interactions, including non-equilibrium phase transitions between novel dynamical phases, large fluctuations violating expectations from the central limit theorem and substantial robustness against the disordering effects of thermal fluctuations. In this chapter, following a brief summary of experimental systems which may be classified as examples of active matter, I describe some of the principles which underlie the modeling of such systems.

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Cited in

(14)

• A drop of active matter
• The statistical physics of active matter: from self-catalytic colloids to living cells
• Active agents
• Active Matter and Nonequilibrium Statistical Physics
• Minimal continuum theories of structure formation in dense active fluids
• Origins and diagnostics of the nonequilibrium character of active systems
• An agent-based framework of active matter with applications in biological and social systems
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 772604 (Why is no real title available?)
• An active particle in a complex fluid
• Work fluctuations of self-propelled particles in the phase separated state
• Phoretic motion in active matter
• Flocking from a quantum analogy: spin-orbit coupling in an active fluid
• Fluctuations of rotational and translational degrees of freedom in an interacting active dumbbell system
• Active matter

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