Forcing posets with large dimension to contain large standard examples

Abstract: The dimension of a poset

P

, denoted

d i m (P)

, is the least positive integer

d

for which

P

is the intersection of

d

linear extensions of

P

. The maximum dimension of a poset

P

with

| P | l e 2 n + 1

is

n

, provided

n g e 2

, and this inequality is tight when

P

contains the standard example

S_{n}

. However, there are posets with large dimension that do not contain the standard example

S_{2}

. Moreover, for each fixed

d g e 2

, if

P

is a poset with

| P | l e 2 n + 1

and

P

does not contain the standard example

S_{d}

, then

d i m (P) = o (n)

. Also, for large

n

, there is a poset

P

with

| P | = 2 n

and

d i m (P) g e (1 - o (1)) n

such that the largest

d

so that

P

contains the standard example

S_{d}

is

o (n)

. In this paper, we will show that for every integer

c g e 1

, there is an integer

f (c) = O (c^{2})

so that for large enough

n

, if

P

is a poset with

| P | l e 2 n + 1

and

d i m (P) g e n - c

, then

P

contains a standard example

S_{d}

with

d g e n - f (c)

. From below, we show that

f (c) = O m e g a (c^{4 / 3})

. On the other hand, we also prove an analogous result for fractional dimension, and in this setting

f (c)

is linear in

c

. Here the result is best possible up to the value of the multiplicative constant.

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