Squarefree values of trinomial discriminants

DOI10.1112/S1461157014000436zbMATH Open1329.11103arXiv1402.5148MaRDI QIDQ2940604FDOQ2940604

Authors: Greg Martin, Mark Thom, David W. Boyd 

Publication date: 27 January 2015

Published in: LMS Journal of Computation and Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: The discriminant of a trinomial of the form $x^{n}pm{x}^{m}pm1$ has the form $pm{n}^{n}pm(n-m{)}^{n-m}{m}^m$ if $n$ and $m$ are relatively prime. We investigate when these discriminants have nontrivial square factors. We explain various unlikely-seeming parametric families of square factors of these discriminant values: for example, when $n$ is congruent to 2 (mod 6) we have that $((n^2-n+1)/3{)}^2$ always divides $n^n-(n-1{)}^{n-1}$. In addition, we discover many other square factors of these discriminants that do not fit into these parametric families. The set of primes whose squares can divide these sporadic values as $n$ varies seems to be independent of $m$, and this set can be seen as a generalization of the Wieferich primes, those primes $p$ such that $2^{p-1}$ is congruent to 1 (mod $p^2$). We provide heuristics for the density of squarefree values of these discriminants and the density of these "sporadic" primes.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1402.5148

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zbMATH Keywords

primesdiscriminantsquarefree values

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Distribution of primes (11N05) Primes represented by polynomials; other multiplicative structures of polynomial values (11N32)

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Cited In (18)

• Monogenic reciprocal trinomials and their Galois groups
• Infinite families of monogenic trinomials and their Galois groups
• \(abc\) triples
• Monogenic polynomials with non-squarefree discriminant
• Splitting fields of \(X^n - X -1\) (particularly for \(n=5)\), prime decomposition and modular forms
• On the Selmer group and rank of a family of elliptic curves and curves of genus one violating the Hasse principle
• A brief note on some infinite families of monogenic polynomials
• On the discriminant of certain quadrinomials
• Monogenic trinomials with non-squarefree discriminant
• Monogenic binomial compositions
• Some new polynomial discriminant formulas
• Squarefree parts of discriminants of trinomials
• Monogenic cyclotomic compositions
• Infinite families of non-monogenic trinomials
• Counting squarefree discriminants of trinomials under abc
• Monogenic fields arising from trinomials
• Twisted-PHS: using the product formula to solve approx-SVP in ideal lattices
• On quadratic fields generated by discriminants of irreducible trinomials

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