Squarefree values of trinomial discriminants

DOI10.1112/S1461157014000436MaRDI QIDQ2940604zbMATHFDO

Authors Greg Martin, Mark Thom, David W. Boyd

Publication date 27 January 2015

Published in LMS Journal of Computation and Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1402.5148

zbMATH Keywords

primesdiscriminantsquarefree values

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Distribution of primes (11N05) Primes represented by polynomials; other multiplicative structures of polynomial values (11N32)

Abstract: The discriminant of a trinomial of the form $x^{n}pm{x}^{m}pm1$ has the form $pm{n}^{n}pm(n-m{)}^{n-m}{m}^m$ if $n$ and $m$ are relatively prime. We investigate when these discriminants have nontrivial square factors. We explain various unlikely-seeming parametric families of square factors of these discriminant values: for example, when $n$ is congruent to 2 (mod 6) we have that $((n^2-n+1)/3{)}^2$ always divides $n^n-(n-1{)}^{n-1}$. In addition, we discover many other square factors of these discriminants that do not fit into these parametric families. The set of primes whose squares can divide these sporadic values as $n$ varies seems to be independent of $m$, and this set can be seen as a generalization of the Wieferich primes, those primes $p$ such that $2^{p-1}$ is congruent to 1 (mod $p^2$). We provide heuristics for the density of squarefree values of these discriminants and the density of these "sporadic" primes.

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Cited in

(18)

• Monogenic binomial compositions
• On quadratic fields generated by discriminants of irreducible trinomials
• Some new polynomial discriminant formulas
• On the discriminant of certain quadrinomials
• Monogenic cyclotomic compositions
• Monogenic trinomials with non-squarefree discriminant
• Counting squarefree discriminants of trinomials under abc
• Squarefree parts of discriminants of trinomials
• Monogenic fields arising from trinomials
• Splitting fields of \(X^n - X -1\) (particularly for \(n=5)\), prime decomposition and modular forms
• On the Selmer group and rank of a family of elliptic curves and curves of genus one violating the Hasse principle
• \(abc\) triples
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• Infinite families of monogenic trinomials and their Galois groups
• Monogenic polynomials with non-squarefree discriminant
• Twisted-PHS: using the product formula to solve approx-SVP in ideal lattices
• A brief note on some infinite families of monogenic polynomials
• Monogenic reciprocal trinomials and their Galois groups

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