The Power of Dynamic Distance Oracles

DOI10.1145/2746539.2746615zbMATH Open1321.68389arXiv1308.3336OpenAlexW2093101813MaRDI QIDQ2941483FDOQ2941483

Authors: Jakub Łącki, Jakub Oćwieja, Marcin Pilipczuk, Piotr Sankowski, Anna Zych 

Publication date: 21 August 2015

Published in: Proceedings of the forty-seventh annual ACM symposium on Theory of Computing (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: In this paper we study the Steiner tree problem over a dynamic set of terminals. We consider the model where we are given an $n$-vertex graph $G=(V,E,w)$ with positive real edge weights, and our goal is to maintain a tree which is a good approximation of the minimum Steiner tree spanning a terminal set $SsubseteqV$, which changes over time. The changes applied to the terminal set are either terminal additions (incremental scenario), terminal removals (decremental scenario), or both (fully dynamic scenario). Our task here is twofold. We want to support updates in sublinear $o(n)$ time, and keep the approximation factor of the algorithm as small as possible. We show that we can maintain a $(6+varepsilon)$-approximate Steiner tree of a general graph in $ildeO(sqrtnlogD)$ time per terminal addition or removal. Here, $D$ denotes the stretch of the metric induced by $G$. For planar graphs we achieve the same running time and the approximation ratio of $(2+varepsilon)$. Moreover, we show faster algorithms for incremental and decremental scenarios. Finally, we show that if we allow higher approximation ratio, even more efficient algorithms are possible. In particular we show a polylogarithmic time $(4+varepsilon)$-approximate algorithm for planar graphs. One of the main building blocks of our algorithms are dynamic distance oracles for vertex-labeled graphs, which are of independent interest. We also improve and use the online algorithms for the Steiner tree problem.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1308.3336

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zbMATH Keywords

approximationSteiner treedynamic algorithmdynamic distance oracles

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Trees (05C05) Analysis of algorithms and problem complexity (68Q25) Graph theory (including graph drawing) in computer science (68R10) Approximation algorithms (68W25) Distance in graphs (05C12) Signed and weighted graphs (05C22)

Cites Work

• Shortest-path queries in static networks
• Approximate distance oracles
• On sparse spanners of weighted graphs
• Scale-oblivious metric fragmentation and the nonlinear Dvoretzky theorem
• On approximate distance labels and routing schemes with affine stretch
• Distance Oracles for Unweighted Graphs: Breaking the Quadratic Barrier with Constant Additive Error
• Fast Algorithms for Constructing t-Spanners and Paths with Stretch t
• Near-Linear Time Construction of Sparse Neighborhood Covers
• Approximate distance oracles with constant query time
• Fast C-K-R partitions of sparse graphs
• Automata, Languages and Programming
• Ramsey partitions and proximity data structures

Cited In (16)

• Title not available (Why is that?)
• Fully dynamic algorithms for Euclidean Steiner tree
• Robust online algorithms for dynamic choosing problems
• Approximate distance oracles with improved stretch for sparse graphs
• Approximate distance oracles with improved stretch for sparse graphs
• Symmetry exploitation for online machine covering with bounded migration
• Online Steiner tree with deletions
• Inferring local transition functions of discrete dynamical systems from observations of system behavior
• Decremental SPQR-trees for Planar Graphs
• A theory and algorithms for combinatorial reoptimization
• A local-search algorithm for Steiner forest
• The nearest colored node in a tree
• Efficient vertex-label distance oracles for planar graphs
• Online facility location with deletions
• Succinct data structures for nearest colored node in a tree
• Efficient dynamic approximate distance oracles for vertex-labeled planar graphs

Uses Software

• Graphs

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