Quantum ergodicity of random orthonormal bases of spaces of high dimension
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Infinite-dimensional random dynamical systems; stochastic equations (37L55) Lattice polytopes in convex geometry (including relations with commutative algebra and algebraic geometry) (52B20) Relations between spectral theory and ergodic theory, e.g., quantum unique ergodicity (58J51) Selfadjoint operator theory in quantum theory, including spectral analysis (81Q10) Quantum mechanics on special spaces: manifolds, fractals, graphs, lattices (81Q35) Quantum chaos (81Q50)
Abstract: We consider a sequence H_N of Hilbert spaces of dimensions d_N tending to infinity. The motivating examples are eigenspaces or quasi-mode spaces of a Laplace or Schrodinger operator. We define a random ONB of H_N by fixing one ONB and changing it by a random element of U(d_N). A random ONB of the direct sum of the H_N is an independent sequence {U_N} of random ONB's of the H_N. We prove that if d_N tends to infinity and if the normalized traces of observables in H_N tend to a unique limit state, then a random ONB also tends to that limit state. This generalizes an earlier result of the author for eigenspaces of the standard 2-sphere, and shows that the result does not depend on how fast the dimensions grow. In particular it is valid for eigenspaces of a flat rational torus in dimensions > 4. The main idea is to convert quantum ergodicity into a problem on the moments of inertia of permutahedra and to calculate the moments using Schur polynomials.
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