Quantum stabilization of cosmic strings

DOI10.1142/S0217732315300220MaRDI QIDQ2946231zbMATH OpenWikidataFDO

Authors Herbert Weigel, Markus Quandt, Noah Graham

Publication date 16 September 2015

Published in Modern Physics Letters A (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1505.07631

zbMATH Keywords

spectral methodcosmic stringvacuum polarization energyfermion fluctuations

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Research exposition (monographs, survey articles) pertaining to quantum theory (81-02) Model quantum field theories (81T10) String and superstring theories; other extended objects (e.g., branes) in quantum field theory (81T30) Unified quantum theories (81V22)

Abstract: In the standard model, stabilization of a classically unstable cosmic string may occur through the quantum fluctuations of a heavy fermion doublet. We review numerical results from a semiclassical expansion in a reduced version of the standard model. In this expansion the leading quantum corrections emerge at one loop level for many internal degrees of freedom. The resulting vacuum polarization energy and the binding energy of occupied fermion energy levels are of the same order, and must therefore be treated on equal footing. Populating these bound states lowers the total energy compared to the same number of free fermions. Charged strings are already stabilized for a fermion mass only somewhat larger than the top quark mass. Though obtained in a reduced version these results suggest that neither extraordinarily large fermion masses nor unrealistic couplings are required to bind a cosmic string in the standard model. Furthermore we also review results for a quantum stabilization mechanism that prevents closed Nielsen-Olesen type strings from collapsing.

Recommendations

• Cosmic strings stabilized by fermion fluctuations
• Cosmic strings stabilized by quantum fluctuations
• Quantum stabilization of a hedgehog type of cosmic string
• Cosmic superstrings stabilized by fermions
• Quantum energies of strings in a \((2+1)\)-dimensional gauge theory

Cites work

• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 3082267 (Why is no real title available?)
• Calculating vacuum energies in renormalizable quantum field theories: A new approach to the Casimir problem
• Cosmic strings and domain walls
• Cosmic strings and superstrings
• Quantum energies of strings in a \((2+1)\)-dimensional gauge theory
• Searching for quantum solitons in a (3+1)-dimensional chiral Yukawa model
• Sphalerons, spectral flow, and anomalies
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Cited in

(8)

• Cosmic R-string in thermal history
• Cosmic superstrings stabilized by fermions
• Quantum stabilization of a hedgehog type of cosmic string
• Quantum energies of strings in a \((2+1)\)-dimensional gauge theory
• Zitterbewegung in cosmic string spacetime
• Stochastic stabilization of cosmological photons
• Cosmic strings stabilized by quantum fluctuations
• Cosmic strings stabilized by fermion fluctuations

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