Universal space-time scaling symmetry in the dynamics of bosons across a quantum phase transition

DOI10.1126/SCIENCE.AAF9657zbMATH Open1355.81022arXiv1605.01023OpenAlexW2345846249WikidataQ51730670 ScholiaQ51730670MaRDI QIDQ2961769FDOQ2961769

Authors: Logan W. Clark, Lei Feng, Cheng Chin 

Publication date: 15 February 2017

Published in: Science (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: The dynamics of many-body systems spanning condensed matter, cosmology, and beyond is hypothesized to be universal when the systems cross continuous phase transitions. The universal dynamics is expected to satisfy a scaling symmetry of space and time with the crossing rate, inspired by the Kibble-Zurek mechanism. We test this symmetry based on Bose condensates in a shaken optical lattice. Shaking the lattice drives condensates across an effectively ferromagnetic quantum phase transition. After crossing the critical point, the condensates manifest delayed growth of spin fluctuations and develop anti-ferromagnetic spatial correlations resulting from sub-Poisson generation of topological defects. The characteristic times and lengths scale as power-laws of the crossing rate, yielding the temporal exponent 0.50(2) and the spatial exponent 0.26(2), consistent with theory. Furthermore, the fluctuations and correlations are invariant in scaled space-time coordinates, in support of the scaling symmetry of quantum critical dynamics.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1605.01023

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Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Quantum measurement theory, state operations, state preparations (81P15)

Cited In (11)

• Vortex formation and quench dynamics of rotating quantum droplets
• Quantum critical dynamics of the boson system in the Ginzburg-Landau model
• Changing the order of a dynamical phase transition through fluctuations in a quantum \(\mathrm{p}\)-spin model
• Time symmetry breaking in Bose–Einstein condensates
• Critical behavior of a chiral superfluid in a bipartite square lattice
• Universal dynamics of zero-momentum to plane-wave transition in spin-orbit coupled Bose-Einstein condensates
• Coherent and dissipative dynamics at quantum phase transitions
• Phase of a weakly interacting Bose system with a time spontaneous \(U (1)\) symmetry breaking
• Space-Time Dependence of the BCS Order Parameter in Non-Equilibrium Systems
• Universality in nonlinear passage through the miscible-immiscible phase transition in two component Bose-Einstein condensates
• Non-equilibrium dynamics of ultracold lattice bosons inside a cavity

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