Localization-delocalization transition in the dynamics of dipolar-coupled nuclear spins

DOI10.1126/SCIENCE.1261160MaRDI QIDQ2961815zbMATHOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Gonzalo A. Álvarez, Dieter Suter, Robin Kaiser

Publication date 15 February 2017

Published in Science (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1409.4562

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Nuclear physics (81V35)

Abstract: Non-equilibrium dynamics of many-body systems is important in many branches of science, such as condensed matter, quantum chemistry, and ultracold atoms. Here we report the experimental observation of a phase transition of the quantum coherent dynamics of a 3D many-spin system with dipolar interactions, and determine its critical exponents. Using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) on a solid-state system of spins at room-temperature, we quench the interaction Hamiltonian to drive the evolution of the system. The resulting dynamics of the system coherence can be localized or extended, depending on the quench strength. Applying a finite-time scaling analysis to the observed time-evolution of the number of correlated spins, we extract the critical exponents v = s = 0.42 around the phase transition separating a localized from a delocalized dynamical regime. These results show clearly that such nuclear-spin based quantum simulations can effectively model the non-equilibrium dynamics of complex many-body systems, such as 3D spin-networks with dipolar interactions.

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• Properties of a class of quasi-periodic Schrödinger operators
• Synchronization in complex networks with long-range interactions
• Localization for almost-periodic operators with power-law long-range hopping: a Nash-Moser iteration type reducibility approach
• Loschmidt echo in many-spin systems: contrasting time scales of local and global measurements
• Quantum dynamics of excitations and decoherence in many-spin systems detected with Loschmidt echoes: its relation to their spreading through the Hilbert space
• Quantum contact process on scale-free networks
• Dynamical robustness of network of oscillators

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