A quantum many-body spin system in an optical lattice clock

DOI10.1126/SCIENCE.1236929zbMATH Open1355.82019arXiv1212.6291OpenAlexW2039227951WikidataQ87226415 ScholiaQ87226415MaRDI QIDQ2961985FDOQ2961985

Authors:

Publication date: 15 February 2017

Published in: Science (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: Strongly interacting quantum many-body systems are fundamentally compelling and ubiquitous in science. However, their complexity generally prevents exact solutions of their dynamics. Precisely engineered ultracold atomic gases are emerging as a powerful tool to unravel these challenging physical problems. Here we present a new laboratory for the study of many-body effects: strongly interacting two-level systems formed by the clock states in ${}^{87}$Sr, which are used to realize a neutral atom optical clock that performs at the highest level of optical-atomic coherence and with precision near the limit set by quantum fluctuations. Our measurements of the collective spin evolution reveal signatures of many-body dynamics, including beyond-mean-field effects. We derive a many-body Hamiltonian that describes the experimental observation of severely distorted lineshapes, atomic spin coherence decay, density-dependent frequency shifts, and correlated quantum spin noise. These investigations open the door to exploring quantum many-body effects and entanglement in quantum systems with optical energy splittings, using highly coherent and precisely controlled optical lattice clocks.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1212.6291

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Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Quantum dynamics and nonequilibrium statistical mechanics (general) (82C10) Dynamic lattice systems (kinetic Ising, etc.) and systems on graphs in time-dependent statistical mechanics (82C20)

Cited In (5)

• Controlling quantum many-body dynamics in driven Rydberg atom arrays
• Observation of Dicke cooperativity in magnetic interactions
• Simulation of the many-body dynamical quantum Hall effect in an optical lattice
• A noise-immune cavity-assisted non-destructive detection for an optical lattice clock in the quantum regime
• Probing many-body interactions in an optical lattice clock

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