Jacobi-type continued fractions for the ordinary generating functions of generalized factorial functions

zbMATH Open1355.05012arXiv1610.09691MaRDI QIDQ2963480FDOQ2963480

Authors: Maxie D. Schmidt 

Publication date: 14 February 2017

Abstract: The article studies a class of generalized factorial functions and symbolic product sequences through Jacobi type continued fractions (J-fractions) that formally enumerate the divergent ordinary generating functions of these sequences. The more general definitions of these J-fractions extend the known expansions of the continued fractions originally proved by Flajolet that generate the rising factorial function, or Pochhammer symbol, $(x{)}_n$, at any fixed non-zero indeterminate $xinmathbbC$. The rational convergents of these generalized J-fractions provide formal power series approximations to the ordinary generating functions that enumerate many specific classes of factorial-related integer product sequences. The article also provides applications to a number of specific identities, new integer congruence relations satisfied by generalized factorial-related product sequences and the $r$-order harmonic numbers, among several other notable motivating examples as immediate applications of the new results. In this sense, the article serves as a semi-comprehensive, detailed survey reference that introduces applications to many established and otherwise well-known combinatorial identities, new cases of generating functions for factorial-function-related product sequences, and other examples of the generalized integer-valued multifactorial, or $alpha$-factorial, function sequences. The convergent-based generating function techniques illustrated by the particular examples cited within the article are easily extended to enumerate the factorial-like product sequences arising in the context of many other specific applications.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1610.09691

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zbMATH Keywords

confluent hypergeometric functioncontinued fractionHadamard productfactorial functionLaguerre polynomialPochhammer symbolgeneralized Stirling numberStirling number of the first kindrising factorialPochhammer \(k\)-symbolBarnes \(G\)-functionordinary generating functionS-fractiondouble factorialJ-fractionsuperfactorialdiagonal generating functiondivergent ordinary generating functionformal Laplace-Borel transformhyperfactorialmultifactorialmultiple factorialStirling number congruencesubfactorialtriple factorial

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Exact enumeration problems, generating functions (05A15) Factorials, binomial coefficients, combinatorial functions (05A10) Continued fractions (11A55) Binomial coefficients; factorials; (q)-identities (11B65) Calculation of integer sequences (11Y55) Continued fraction calculations (number-theoretic aspects) (11Y65)

Cited In (6)

• Jacobi-Type Continued Fractions and Congruences for Binomial Coefficients Modulo Integers $h \geq 2$
• Generalized \(j\)-factorial functions, polynomials, and applications
• Combinatorial identities for generalized Stirling numbers expanding \(f\)-factorial functions and the \(f\)-harmonic numbers
• New congruences and finite difference equations for generalized factorial functions
• Title not available (Why is that?)
• Continued fractions for square series generating functions

Uses Software

• Digital Library of Mathematical Functions
• OEIS
• Wolfram Functions Site

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