On (in)elastic non-dissipative Lorentz gases and the (in)stability of classical pulsed and kicked rotors

DOI10.1088/1751-8113/43/47/474001zbMATH Open1205.82125arXiv1006.1556OpenAlexW3105421640MaRDI QIDQ3065962FDOQ3065962

Stephan De Bièvre, B. Aguer

Publication date: 7 January 2011

Published in: Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We study numerically and theoretically the $d$-dimensional Hamiltonian motion of fast particles through a field of scatterers, modeled by bounded, localized, (time-dependent) potentials, that we refer to as (in)elastic non-dissipative Lorentz gases. We illustrate the wide applicability of a random walk picture previously developed for a field of scatterers with random spatial and/or time-dependence by applying it to four other models. First, for a periodic array of spherical scatterers in $dgeq2$, with a smooth (quasi)periodic time-dependence, we show Fermi acceleration: the ensemble averaged kinetic energy $left<|p(t){|}^{2}ight>$ grows as $t^{2/5}$. Nevertheless, the mean squared displacement $left<|q(t){|}^{2}ight>sim{t}^2$ behaves ballistically. These are the same growth exponents as for random time-dependent scatterers. Second, we show that in the soft elastic and periodic Lorentz gas, where the particles' energy is conserved, the motion is diffusive, as in the standard hard Lorentz gas, but with a diffusion constant that grows as $|p_0{|}^5$, rather than only as $|p_0|$. Third, we note the above models can also be viewed as pulsed rotors: the latter are therefore unstable in dimension $dgeq2$. Fourth, we consider kicked rotors, and prove them, for sufficiently strong kicks, to be unstable in all dimensions with $left<|p(t){|}^{2}ight>simt$ and $left<|q(t){|}^{2}ight>sim{t}^3$. Finally, we analyze the singular case $d=1$, where $left<|p(t){|}^{2}ight>$ remains bounded in time for time-dependent non-random potentials whereas it grows at the same rate as above in the random case.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1006.1556

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zbMATH Keywords

random walksLorentz gaspulsed rotors

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Strange attractors, chaotic dynamics of systems with hyperbolic behavior (37D45) Random walks, random surfaces, lattice animals, etc. in equilibrium statistical mechanics (82B41) Kinetic theory of gases in time-dependent statistical mechanics (82C40) Interacting particle systems in time-dependent statistical mechanics (82C22) Statistical mechanics of gases (82D05)

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