Boundary-value problems for the stationary axisymmetric Einstein equations: a rotating disc

DOI10.1088/0951-7715/24/1/009zbMATH Open1221.35416arXiv0911.1898OpenAlexW2072377699MaRDI QIDQ3071097FDOQ3071097

Authors: J. Lenells, A. S. Fokas 

Publication date: 1 February 2011

Published in: Nonlinearity (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: The stationary, axisymmetric reduction of the vacuum Einstein equations, the so-called Ernst equation, is an integrable nonlinear PDE in two dimensions. There now exists a general method for analyzing boundary value problems for integrable PDEs, and this method consists of two steps: (a) Construct an integral representation of the solution characterized via a matrix Riemann-Hilbert (RH) problem formulated in the complex $k$-plane, where $k$ denotes the spectral parameter of the associated Lax pair. This representation involves, in general, some unknown boundary values, thus the solution formula is {it not} yet effective. (b) Characterize the unknown boundary values by analyzing a certain equation called the {it global relation}. This analysis involves, in general, the solution of a nonlinear problem; however, for certain boundary value problems called linearizable, it is possible to determine the unknown boundary values using only linear operations. Here, we employ the above methodology for the investigation of certain boundary value problems for the elliptic version of the Ernst equation. For this problem, the main novelty is the occurence of the spectral parameter in the form of a square root and this necessitates the introduction of a two-sheeted Riemann surface for the formulation of the relevant RH problem. As a concrete application of the general formalism, it is shown that the particular boundary value problem corresponding to the physically significant case of a rotating disk is a linearizable boundary value problem. In this way the remarkable results of Neugebauer and Meinel are recovered.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/0911.1898

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Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Boundary value problems for second-order elliptic equations (35J25) Riemann-Hilbert problems in context of PDEs (35Q15) Einstein's equations (general structure, canonical formalism, Cauchy problems) (83C05) Einstein equations (35Q76) Boundary value problems in the complex plane (30E25)

Cited In (20)

• Exact solution of a Neumann boundary value problem for the stationary axisymmetric Einstein equations
• The unified transform method for the Sasa-Satsuma equation on the half-line
• Riemann-Hilbert approach for an initial-boundary value problem of the two-component modified Korteweg-de Vries equation on the half-line
• The hyperbolic Ernst-Maxwell equations in a triangular domain
• A Riemann-Hilbert approach to the initial-boundary value problem for Kundu-Eckhaus equation on the half line
• The hyperbolic Ernst equation in a triangular domain
• Boundary value problems for the stationary axisymmetric Einstein equations: a disk rotating around a black hole
• Initial-boundary value problems for integrable evolution equations with \(3\times 3\) Lax pairs
• Initial-boundary value problems for the coupled higher-order nonlinear Schrödinger equations on the half-line
• The initial-boundary value for the combined Schrödinger and Gerdjikov-Ivanov equation on the half-line via the Riemann-Hilbert approach
• Decomposition theorem and Riesz basis for axisymmetric potentials in the right half-plane
• Linear evolution equations on the half-line with dynamic boundary conditions
• Initial-boundary value problems for the coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equation on the half-line
• The three-wave equation on the half-line
• A boundary value problem for conjugate conductivity equations
• The unified transform method to initial-boundary value problem for a coupled cubic-quintic nonlinear Schrödinger system
• The Boundary Value Problem for the Stationary and Axisymmetric Einstein Equations is Generically Solvable
• The solution of the global relation for the derivative nonlinear Schrödinger equation on the half-line
• Linearizable boundary value problems for the elliptic sine-Gordon and the elliptic Ernst equations
• Boundary value problems for the elliptic sine-Gordon equation in a semi-strip

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