Rings and ideals parameterized by binary n-ic forms

DOI10.1112/JLMS/JDQ074zbMATH Open1228.11053arXiv1007.5508OpenAlexW3103284668MaRDI QIDQ3074540FDOQ3074540

Authors: Melanie Matchett Wood 

Publication date: 9 February 2011

Published in: Journal of the London Mathematical Society (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: The association of algebraic objects to forms has had many important applications in number theory. Gauss, over two centuries ago, studied quadratic rings and ideals associated to binary quadratic forms, and found that ideal classes of quadratic rings are exactly parametrized by equivalence classes of integral binary quadratic forms. Delone and Faddeev, in 1940, showed that cubic rings are parametrized by equivalence classes of integral binary cubic forms. Birch, Merriman, Nakagawa, Corso, Dvornicich, and Simon have all studied rings associated to binary forms of degree n for any n, but it has not previously been known which rings, and with what additional structure, are associated to binary forms. In this paper, we show exactly what algebraic structures are parametrized by binary n-ic forms, for all n. The algebraic data associated to an integral binary n-ic form includes a ring isomorphic to $mathbb{Z}^n$ as a $mathbbZ$-module, an ideal class for that ring, and a condition on the ring and ideal class that comes naturally from geometry. In fact, we prove these parametrizations when any base scheme replaces the integers, and show that the correspondences between forms and the algebraic data are functorial in the base scheme. We give geometric constructions of the rings and ideals from the forms that parametrize them and a simple construction of the form from an appropriate ring and ideal.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1007.5508

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zbMATH Keywords

binary \(n\)-ic forms

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Algebraic numbers; rings of algebraic integers (11R04) Forms of degree higher than two (11E76)

Cited In (17)

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• Parametrization of ideal classes in rings associated to binary forms
• Binary forms and orders of algebraic number fields
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• Orbit parametrizations for \(K3\) surfaces
• A positive proportion of locally soluble hyperelliptic curves over ℚ have no point over any odd degree extension
• Gauss composition for \(\mathbb{P}^1\), and the universal Jacobian of the Hurwitz space of double covers
• Parametrizing quartic algebras over an arbitrary base
• Gauss composition over an arbitrary base
• Orders with few rational monogenizations
• Sato-Tate equidistribution of certain families of Artin \(L\)-functions
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• Quartic rings associated to binary quartic forms
• A positive proportion of quartic fields are not monogenic yet have no local obstruction to being so

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