Non-expansive directions for Z^2 actions

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Publication:3074749




Abstract: We show that any direction in the plane occurs as the unique non-expansive direction of a mathbb{Z}^{2} action, answering a question of Boyle and Lind. In the case of rational directions, the subaction obtained is non-trivial. We also establish that a cellular automaton can have zero Lyapunov exponents and at the same time act sensitively; and more generally, for any positive real heta there is a cellular automaton acting on an appropriate subshift with lambda^{+}=-lambda^{-}= heta.









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