Pure states, positive matrix polynomials and sums of Hermitian squares

DOI10.1512/IUMJ.2010.59.4107zbMATH Open1261.15030arXiv0907.2260OpenAlexW2012806883MaRDI QIDQ3074933FDOQ3074933

Authors: Igor Klep, Markus Schweighofer 

Publication date: 10 February 2011

Published in: Indiana University Mathematics Journal (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: Let M be an archimedean quadratic module of real t-by-t matrix polynomials in n variables, and let S be the set of all real n-tuples where each element of M is positive semidefinite. Our key finding is a natural bijection between the set of pure states of M and the cartesian product of S with the real projective (t-1)-space. This leads us to conceptual proofs of positivity certificates for matrix polynomials, including the recent seminal result of Hol and Scherer: If a symmetric matrix polynomial is positive definite on S, then it belongs to M. We also discuss what happens for non-symmetric matrix polynomials or in the absence of the archimedean assumption, and review some of the related classical results. The methods employed are both algebraic and functional analytic.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/0907.2260

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Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Positive matrices and their generalizations; cones of matrices (15B48) States of selfadjoint operator algebras (46L30) Matrix equations and identities (15A24) Convex sets in topological linear spaces; Choquet theory (46A55) Matrices over function rings in one or more variables (15A54)

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