On Two Categorifications of the Arrow Polynomial for Virtual Knots

DOI10.1007/978-3-642-15637-3_4zbMATH Open1221.57016arXiv0906.3408OpenAlexW2103231597MaRDI QIDQ3078611FDOQ3078611

V. O. Manturov, Heather A. Dye, Louis Kauffman

Publication date: 28 February 2011

Published in: The Mathematics of Knots (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: Two categorifications are given for the arrow polynomial, an extension of the Kauffman bracket polynomial for virtual knots. The arrow polynomial extends the bracket polynomial to infinitely many variables, each variable corresponding to an integer {it arrow number} calculated from each loop in an oriented state summation for the bracket. The categorifications are based on new gradings associated with these arrow numbers, and give homology theories associated with oriented virtual knots and links via extra structure on the Khovanov chain complex. Applications are given to the estimation of virtual crossing number and surface genus of virtual knots and links. Key Words: Jones polynomial, bracket polynomial, extended bracket polynomial, arrow polynomial, Miyazawa polynomial, Khovanov complex, Khovanov homology, Reidemeister moves, virtual knot theory, differential, partial differential, grading, dotted grading, vector grading.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/0906.3408

zbMATH Keywords

Khovanov homologysurface genusvirtual knot theorybracket polynomialvirtual crossing numberarrow polynomialvirtual knot diagram

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Cited In (14)

• An Introduction to Khovanov Homology
• Title not available (Why is that?)
• INTRODUCTION TO VIRTUAL KNOT THEORY
• Parity in knot theory and graph-links
• Introduction to disoriented knot theory
• Khovanov homology, Lee homology and a Rasmussen invariant for virtual knots
• The homological arrow polynomial for virtual links
• Homotopical Khovanov homology
• ON THE INDEX AND ARROW POLYNOMIALS OF PERIDOIC VIRTUAL LINKS
• VIRTUAL CROSSING NUMBER AND THE ARROW POLYNOMIAL
• AN AFFINE INDEX POLYNOMIAL INVARIANT OF VIRTUAL KNOTS
• Bar-Natan's geometric complex and a categorification of the Dye-Kauffman-Miyazawa polynomial
• On ribbon graphs and virtual links
• PARITY, SKEIN POLYNOMIALS AND CATEGORIFICATION

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