Is space-time symmetry a suitable generalization of parity-time symmetry?

DOI10.1016/J.AOP.2014.07.026zbMATH Open1344.81090arXiv1405.5234OpenAlexW2036845121MaRDI QIDQ309394FDOQ309394

Authors: Paolo Amore, Francisco M. Fernández, Javier García 

Publication date: 7 September 2016

Published in: Annals of Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We discuss space-time symmetric Hamiltonian operators of the form $\mathrm{\%}H=H_0+ig{H}^{prime}$, where $H_0$ is Hermitian and $g$ real. $H_0$ is invariant under the unitary operations of a point group $G$ while $H^{prime}$ is invariant under transformation by elements of a subgroup $G^{prime}$ of $G$. If $G$ exhibits irreducible representations of dimension greater than unity, then it is possible that $H$ has complex eigenvalues for sufficiently small nonzero values of $g$. In the particular case that $H$ is parity-time symmetric then it appears to exhibit real eigenvalues for all $\mathrm{\%}0<g<g_c$, where $g_c$ is the exceptional point closest to the origin. Point-group symmetry and perturbation theory enable one to predict whether $\mathrm{\%}H$ may exhibit real or complex eigenvalues for $g>0$. We illustrate the main theoretical results and conclusions of this paper by means of two- and three-dimensional Hamiltonians exhibiting a variety of different point-group symmetries.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1405.5234

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zbMATH Keywords

non-Hermitian Hamiltonianmultidimensional systempoint-group symmetryPT-symmetryspace-time symmetry

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Applications of group representations to physics and other areas of science (20C35) Nonselfadjoint operator theory in quantum theory including creation and destruction operators (81Q12) Perturbation theories for operators and differential equations in quantum theory (81Q15) Finite-dimensional groups and algebras motivated by physics and their representations (81R05)

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Cited In (14)

• Parity-time symmetry broken by point-group symmetry
• Non-Hermitian Hamiltonians and similarity transformations
• Non-Hermitian oscillators with \(T_d\) symmetry
• Spatio-temporal symmetry-point groups with time translations
• Unitary transformations of a family of two-dimensional anharmonic oscillators
• Algebraic treatment of non-Hermitian quadratic Hamiltonians
• On the symmetry of three identical interacting particles in a one-dimensional box
• On a model for rotational tunneling with a \(C_{6}\)-space-time symmetric analog
• Group theoretical analysis of a quantum-mechanical three-dimensional quartic anharmonic oscillator
• Spontaneous Breakdown of a PT-Symmetry in the Liouvillian Dynamics at a Non-Hermitian Degeneracy Point
• Perturbation theory by the moment method and point-group symmetry
• Does three-dimensional electromagnetic field inherit the spacetime symmetries?
• The geometrical properties of parity and time reversal operators in two dimensional spaces
• Three PT-symmetric Hamiltonians with completely different spectra

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