Cycles of free words in several independent random permutations with restricted cycle lengths

DOI10.1512/IUMJ.2010.59.4119zbMATH Open1239.60015arXivmath/0611500OpenAlexW2056710815MaRDI QIDQ3096342FDOQ3096342

Authors: Florent Benaych-Georges 

Publication date: 8 November 2011

Published in: Indiana University Mathematics Journal (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: In this text, we consider random permutations which can be written as free words in several independent random permutations: firstly, we fix a non trivial word $w$ in letters $g_1,g_1^{-1},\mathrm{...},g_k,g_k^{-1}$, secondly, for all $n$, we introduce a $k$-tuple $s_1(n),\mathrm{...},s_k(n)$ of independent random permutations of $1,\mathrm{...},n$, and the random permutation $sigm{a}_n$ we are going to consider is the one obtained by replacing each letter $g_i$ in $w$ by $s_i(n)$. For example, for $w=g_1{g}_2{g}_3{g}_2^{-1}$, $sigm{a}_n=s_1(n)circ{s}_2(n)circ{s}_3(n)circ{s}_2(n{)}^{-1}$. Moreover, we restrict the set of possible lengths of the cycles of the $s_i(n)$'s: we fix sets $A_1,\mathrm{...},A_k$ of positive integers and suppose that for all $n$, for all $i$, $s_i(n)$ is uniformly distributed on the set of permutations of $1,\mathrm{...},n$ which have all their cycle lengths in $A_i$. For all positive integer $l$, we are going to give asymptotics, as $n$ goes to infinity, on the number $N_l(sigm{a}_n)$ of cycles of length $l$ of $sigm{a}_n$. We shall also consider the joint distribution of the random vectors $(N_1(sigm{a}_n),\mathrm{...},N_l(sigm{a}_n))$. We first prove that the order of $w$ in a certain quotient of the free group with generators $g_1,\mathrm{...},g_k$ determines the rate of growth of the random variables $N_l(sigm{a}_n)$ as $n$ goes to infinity. We also prove that in many cases, the distribution of $N_l(sigm{a}_n)$ converges to a Poisson law with parameter $1/l$ and that the random variables $N_1(sigm{a}_n),N_2(sigm{a}_n),\mathrm{...}$ are asymptotically independent. We notice the surprising fact that from this point of view, many things happen as if $sigm{a}_n$ were uniformly distributed on the $n$-th symmetric group.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0611500

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zbMATH Keywords

Poisson distributionfree grouprandom permutationscyclic reductionsconvergence in repartitionedge k-colored graphs

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Central limit and other weak theorems (60F05) Combinatorial probability (60C05) Coloring of graphs and hypergraphs (05C15)

Cited In (8)

• Counting words of minimum length in an automorphic orbit.
• Growth in free groups (and other stories) -- twelve years later
• Cycle structure of random permutations with cycle weights
• Statistics of finite degree covers of torus knot complements
• Local statistics of random permutations from free products
• Limit distributions for Euclidean random permutations
• Random permutations with cycle weights
• On the cycle structure of the product of random maximal cycles

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