Stirring by squirmers
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Publication:3097706
DOI10.1017/S002211201000563XzbMATH Open1225.76321arXiv1007.1740WikidataQ59425948 ScholiaQ59425948MaRDI QIDQ3097706FDOQ3097706
Authors: Zhi Lin, Jean-Luc Thiffeault, Stephen Childress 
Publication date: 10 November 2011
Published in: Journal of Fluid Mechanics (Search for Journal in Brave)
Abstract: We analyse a simple 'Stokesian squirmer' model for the enhanced mixing due to swimming micro-organisms. The model is based on a calculation of Thiffeault & Childress [Physics Letters A, 374, 3487 (2010), arXiv:0911.5511], where fluid particle displacements due to inviscid swimmers are added to produce an effective diffusivity. Here we show that for the viscous case the swimmers cannot be assumed to swim an infinite distance, even though their total mass displacement is finite. Instead, the largest contributions to particle displacement, and hence to mixing, arise from random changes of direction of swimming and are dominated by the far-field stresslet term in our simple model. We validate the results by numerical simulation. We also calculate nonzero Reynolds number corrections to the effective diffusivity. Finally, we show that displacements due to randomly-swimming squirmers exhibit PDFs with exponential tails and a short-time superdiffusive regime, as found previously by several authors. In our case, the exponential tails are due to 'sticking' near the stagnation points on the squirmer's surface.
Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1007.1740
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