Sums of multivariate polynomials in finite subgroups

Abstract: Let

R

be a commutative ring,

f i n R [X_{1}, l d o t s, X_{k}]

a multivariate polynomial, and

G

a finite subgroup of the group of units of

R

satisfying a certain constraint, which always holds if

R

is a field. Then, we evaluate

s u m f (x_{1}, l d o t s, x_{k})

, where the summation is taken over all pairwise distinct

x_{1}, l d o t s, x_{k} i n G

. In particular, let

p^{s}

be a power of an odd prime,

n

a positive integer coprime with

p - 1

, and

a_{1}, l d o t s, a_{k}

integers such that

v a r p h i (p^{s})

divides

a_{1} + c d o t s + a_{k}

and

p - 1

does not divide

s u m_{i i n I} a_{i}

for all non-empty proper subsets

I s u b s e t e q 1, l d o t s, k

; then

sum x_1^{a_1}cdots x_k^{a_k} equiv frac{varphi(p^s)}{mathrm{gcd}(n,varphi(p^s))}(-1)^{k-1}(k-1)! ,,�mod{p^s},

where the summation is taken over all pairwise distinct

n

-th residues

x_{1}, l d o t s, x_{k}

modulo

p^{s}

coprime with

p

.

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