Higher analogues of the discrete-time Toda equation and the quotient-difference algorithm

DOI10.1088/0951-7715/24/8/006zbMATH Open1223.37088arXiv1005.0482OpenAlexW3100812710MaRDI QIDQ3173384FDOQ3173384

Paul E. Spicer, Frank Nijhoff, Peter H. van der Kamp

Publication date: 10 October 2011

Published in: Nonlinearity (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: The discrete-time Toda equation arises as a universal equation for the relevant Hankel determinants associated with one-variable orthogonal polynomials through the mechanism of adjacency, which amounts to the inclusion of shifted weight functions in the orthogonality condition. In this paper we extend this mechanism to a new class of two-variable orthogonal polynomials where the variables are related via an elliptic curve. This leads to a `Higher order Analogue of the Discrete-time Toda' (HADT) equation for the associated Hankel determinants, together with its Lax pair, which is derived from the relevant recurrence relations for the orthogonal polynomials. In a similar way as the quotient-difference (QD) algorithm is related to the discrete-time Toda equation, a novel quotient-quotient-difference (QQD) scheme is presented for the HADT equation. We show that for both the HADT equation and the QQD scheme, there exists well-posed $s$-periodic initial value problems, for almost all $$. From the Lax-pairs we furthermore derive invariants for corresponding reductions to dynamical mappings for some explicit examples.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1005.0482

zbMATH Keywords

formal orthogonal polynomialsLax pairsmathematical physicspartial difference equationdiscrete-time Toda equationhigher order analogue of the discrete-time Toda (HADT)quotient-quotient-difference (QQD) scheme

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Completely integrable infinite-dimensional Hamiltonian and Lagrangian systems, integration methods, integrability tests, integrable hierarchies (KdV, KP, Toda, etc.) (37K10) Orthogonal functions and polynomials, general theory of nontrigonometric harmonic analysis (42C05) Partial difference equations (39A14) Numerical methods for difference equations (65Q10)

Cited In (10)

• Orthogonal polynomials on a class of planar algebraic curves
• Nonisospectral extension of Schur flow with determinant solution and orthogonal polynomials on the unit circle
• Multidimensional Toda lattices: continuous and discrete time
• Matrix orthogonal polynomials, non-abelian Toda lattices, and Bäcklund transformations
• Algebraic entropy of (integrable) lattice equations and their reductions
• On three-term recurrence and Christoffel–Darboux identity for orthogonal rational functions on the real line
• Christoffel transformations for (partial-)skew-orthogonal polynomials and applications
• Duality for discrete integrable systems II
• Orthogonal polynomial approach to discrete Lax pairs for initial boundary-value problems of the QD algorithm
• An application of the discrete-time Toda lattice to the progressive algorithm by Lanczos and related problems

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