G_ and co-meager semifilters

Abstract: The ultrafilters on the partial order

([o m e g a]^{o m e g a}, s u b s e t e q^{*})

are the free ultrafilters on

o m e g a

, which constitute the space

o m e g a^{*}

, the Stone-Cech remainder of

o m e g a

. If

U

is an upperset of this partial order (i.e., a semifilter), then the ultrafilters on

U

correspond to closed subsets of

o m e g a^{*}

via Stone duality. If, in addition,

U

is sufficiently "simple" (more precisely,

G_{d} e l t a

as a subset of

2^{o} m e g a

), we show that

U

is similar to

[o m e g a]^{o m e g a}

in several ways. First,

m a t h f r a k p_{U} = m a t h f r a k t_{U} = m a t h f r a k p

(this extends a result of Malliaris and Shelah). Second, if

m a t h f r a k d = m a t h f r a k c

then there are ultrafilters on

U

that are also

P

-filters (this extends a result of Ketonen). Third, there are ultrafilters on

U

that are weak

P

-filters (this extends a result of Kunen). By choosing appropriate

U

, these similarity theorems find applications in dynamics, algebra, and combinatorics. Most notably, we will prove that

(o m e g a^{*}, +)

contains minimal left ideals that are also weak

P

-sets.

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