The coprime quantum chain

DOI10.1088/1742-5468/AA5BB4MaRDI QIDQ3302977zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors

Publication date 11 August 2020

Published in Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1701.02317

Other fundamental interactions in quantum theory (81V19)

Abstract: In this paper we introduce and study the coprime quantum chain, i.e. a strongly correlated quantum system defined in terms of the integer eigenvalues

n_{i}

of the occupation number operators at each site of a chain of length

M

. The

n_{i}

's take value in the interval

[2, q]

and may be regarded as

S_{z}

eigenvalues in the spin representation

j = (q - 2) / 2

. The distinctive interaction of the model is based on the coprimality matrix

: for the ferromagnetic case, this matrix assigns lower energy to configurations where occupation numbers

n_{i}

and

n_{i + 1}

of neighbouring sites share a common divisor, while for the anti-ferromagnetic case it assigns lower energy to configurations where

n_{i}

and

n_{i + 1}

are coprime. The coprime chain, both in the ferro and anti-ferromagnetic cases, may present an exponential number of ground states whose values can be exactly computed by means of graph theoretical tools. In the ferromagnetic case there are generally also frustration phenomena. A fine tuning of local operators may lift the exponential ground state degeneracy and, according to which operators are switched on, the system may be driven into different classes of universality, among which the Ising or Potts universality class. The paper also contains an appendix by Don Zagier on the exact eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the coprimality matrix in the limit

q i g h t a r r o w i n f t y

.

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