Virtual biquandles

DOI10.4064/FM188-0-6MaRDI QIDQ3375498zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Louis Kauffman, V. O. Manturov

Publication date 14 March 2006

Published in Fundamenta Mathematicae (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0411243

zbMATH Keywords

quandlevirtual knotgeneralized Alexander polynomial

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Abstract: In the present paper, we describe new approaches for constructing virtual knot invariants. The main background of this paper comes from formulating and bringing together the ideas of biquandle (Kauffman and Radford) the virtual quandle (Manturov), the ideas of quaternion biquandles by Roger Fenn and Andrew Bartholomew, the concepts and properties of long virtual knots (Manturov), and other ideas in the interface between classical and virtual knot theory. In the present paper we present a new algebraic construction of virtual knot invariants, give various presentations of it, and study several examples. Several conjectures and unsolved problems are presented throughout the paper.

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• QUATERNION ALGEBRAS AND INVARIANTS OF VIRTUAL KNOTS AND LINKS II: THE HYPERBOLIC CASE
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• Constructing biquandles
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• BIQUANDLE LONGITUDE INVARIANT OF LONG VIRTUAL KNOTS
• Virtual knots and infinite-dimensional Lie algebras
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• Virtual quandle for links in Lens spaces
• The topological biquandle of a link
• Symmetric enhancements of involutory virtual birack counting invariants
• On a generalization of the Alexander polynomial for long virtual knots
• Introduction to virtual knot theory
• Polynomial knot and link invariants from the virtual biquandle
• Birack shadow modules and their link invariants
• Yang-Baxter deformations and rack cohomology.
• Virtual Yang-Baxter cocycle invariants
• BIQUANDLES AND THEIR APPLICATION TO VIRTUAL KNOTS AND LINKS
• Picture-valued parity-biquandle bracket
• Virtual tribrackets
• Minimal surface representations of virtual knots and links

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