The Boltzmann equation for a multi-species mixture close to global equilibrium

DOI10.1007/S00205-016-1023-XMaRDI QIDQ338117zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Marc Briant, Esther S. Daus

Publication date 4 November 2016

Published in Archive for Rational Mechanics and Analysis (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1601.00326

zbMATH Keywords

Boltzmann equationmulti-species mixture, existence, uniqueness, exponential decay

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Research exposition (monographs, survey articles) pertaining to partial differential equations (35-02) Existence problems for PDEs: global existence, local existence, non-existence (35A01) Uniqueness problems for PDEs: global uniqueness, local uniqueness, non-uniqueness (35A02) Asymptotic behavior of solutions to PDEs (35B40) Boltzmann equations (35Q20)

Abstract: We study the Cauchy theory for a multi-species mixture, where the different species can have different masses, in a perturbative setting on the $3$-dimensional torus. The ultimate aim of this work is to obtain existence, uniqueness and exponential trend to equilibrium of solutions to the multi-species Boltzmann equation in $L_v^1{L}^{i}nft{y}_x(m)$, where $msim(1+|v{|}^k)$ is a polynomial weight. We prove the existence of a spectral gap for the linear multi-species Boltzmann operator allowing different masses, and then we establish a semigroup property thanks to a new explicit coercive estimate for the Boltzmann operator. Then we develop an $L^2-L^{i}nfty$ theory extit{`a la Guo} for the linear perturbed equation. Finally, we combine the latter results with a decomposition of the multi-species Boltzmann equation in order to deal with the full equation. We emphasize that dealing with different masses induces a loss of symmetry in the Boltzmann operator which prevents the direct adaptation of standard mono-species methods ( extit{e.g.} Carleman representation, Povzner inequality). Of important note is the fact that all methods used and developed in this work are constructive. Moreover, they do not require any Sobolev regularity and the $L_v^1{L}^{i}nft{y}_x$ framework is dealt with for any $k>k_0$, recovering the optimal physical threshold of finite energy $k_0=2$ in the particular case of a multi-species hard spheres mixture with same masses.

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