Quantum circuits cannot control unknown operations

DOI10.1088/1367-2630/16/9/093026zbMATH Open1451.81137arXiv1309.7976OpenAlexW2126550950WikidataQ62415137 ScholiaQ62415137MaRDI QIDQ3386973FDOQ3386973

Authors: Mateus Araújo, Adrien Feix, Fábio M. Costa, Časlav Brukner 

Publication date: 12 January 2021

Published in: New Journal of Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: One of the essential building blocks of classical computer programs is the "if" clause, which executes a subroutine depending on the value of a control variable. Similarly, several quantum algorithms rely on applying a unitary operation conditioned on the state of a control system. Here we show that this control cannot be performed by a quantum circuit if the unitary is completely unknown. However, this no-go theorem does not prevent implementing quantum control of unknown unitaries in practice, as any physical implementation of an unknown unitary provides additional information that makes the control possible. We then argue that one should extend the quantum circuit formalism to capture this possibility in a straightforward way. This is done by allowing unknown unitaries to be applied to subspaces and not only to subsystems.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1309.7976

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Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Quantum computation (81P68) Quantum gates (81P65)

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• Theoretical framework for quantum networks
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Cited In (11)

• Quantum communication through devices with indefinite input-output direction
• Quantum algorithms for similarity measurement based on Euclidean distance
• Quantum algorithms for learning Walsh spectra of multi-output Boolean functions
• A prototype of quantum von Neumann architecture
• Quantum plug n' play: modular computation in the quantum regime
• General tracking control of arbitrary \(N\)-level quantum systems using piecewise time-independent potentials
• Entanglement spectroscopy with a depth-two quantum circuit
• Giving operational meaning to the superposition of causal orders
• Universal resources for quantum computing
• Quantum-enhanced deliberation of learning agents using trapped ions
• Optimal quantum networks and one-shot entropies

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