Subdiffusive behavior generated by irrational rotations

Abstract: The origin of deterministic diffusion is a matter of discussion. We study the asymptotic distributions of the sums

y_{n} (x) = s u m_{k = 0}^{n - 1} p s i (x + k a l p h a)

, where

p s i

is a periodic function of bounded variation and

a l p h a

an irrational number. It is known that no diffusion process will be observed. Nevertheless, we find a picewise constant function

p s i

and an increasing sequence of integer

(n_{j})_{j}

such that the limit distribution of the sequence

(y_{n_{j}} / s q r t j)_{j}

is Gaussian (with stricly positive variance). If

a l p h a

is of constant type, we show that the sequence

(n_{j})_{j}

may be taken to grow exponentially (this is close to optimal in some sense, and one has

| | y_{n_{j}} | |_{m a t h r m L^{2}} s i m m a x_{0 l e k l e n_{j}} | | y_{k} | |_{m a t h r m L^{2}}

as

j o i n f t y

). We give an heuristic link with the theory of expanding maps of the interval.

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