X Meson aka ' and Kobayashi-Maskawa-'t Hooft Six-Quark Vertex: -- U(1)A Anomaly and Generalized Nambu-Jona-Lasinio Model --

DOI10.1143/PTP.122.255zbMATH Open1173.81343arXiv0907.3808OpenAlexW1970327857MaRDI QIDQ3399401FDOQ3399401

Authors: Teiji Kunihiro 

Publication date: 12 October 2009

Published in: Progress of Theoretical Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: In 1970, Kobayashi and Maskawa concluded that an effective six-quark vertex with a determinantal form is necessary in the chiral effective models to account for the large mass of $X$ meson, which is now called the $et{a}^{\prime }$. The determinantal interaction has an $SU(3{)}_{L}otimesSU(3{)}_R$ symmetry but not $U(3{)}_{L}otimesU(3{)}_R$, and, hence accounts for the explicit breaking of $U(1{)}_A$ symmetry in quantum chromodynamics (QCD); the vertex was later derived by 't Hooft as an instanton-induced quark interaction. The vertex, which may be called the Kobayashi-Maskawa-'t Hooft (KMT) term, is widely used in quantitative analyses of hadron physics and QCD phase transitions at finite temperature and density. An account is made for the KMT term with recent extensive applications. Described are also personal experiences with Professor Maskawa and Professor Kobayashi,including an encounter with Professor Maskawa when the author first presented his work on the KMT term.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/0907.3808

Recommendations

• Light hadron spectra in the constituent quark model with the Kobayashi-Kondo-Maskawa-'t Hooft effective \(U_{A}(1)\) symmetry breaking interaction
• Aspects of \(U_{A}(1)\) breaking in the Nambu and Jona-Lasinio model
• Instantons as unitary spin maker
• The mass of the \(\eta ^\prime\) meson in the chiral limit due to instantons
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Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Nuclear physics (81V35) Anomalies in quantum field theory (81T50) Strong interaction, including quantum chromodynamics (81V05)

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