Real Nullstellensatz and *-ideals in *-algebras

DOI10.13001/1081-3810.2901MaRDI QIDQ3448172zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors J. William Helton, Christopher Nelson, Jakob Cimprič, Scott McCullough

Publication date 23 October 2015

Published in The Electronic Journal of Linear Algebra (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1302.4722

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zbMATH Keywords

real algebraic geometrynoncommutative polynomialreal idealnullstellensatzfree algebraic geometry

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Rings with involution; Lie, Jordan and other nonassociative structures (16W10) Computational aspects of associative rings (general theory) (16Z05) Other ``noncommutative mathematics based on (C^*)-algebra theory (46L89) Real algebra (13J30)

Abstract: Let F denote either the real or complex field. An ideal I in the free *-algebra F<x,x*> in g freely noncommuting variables and their formal adjoints is a *-ideal if I = I*. When a real *-ideal has finite codimension, it satisfies a strong Nullstellensatz. Without the finite codimension assumption, there are examples of such ideals which do not satisfy, very liberally interpreted, any Nullstellensatz. A polynomial p in F<x,x*> is analytic if it is a polynomial in the variables {x} only; that is if p in F<x>. As shown in this article, *-ideals generated by analytic polynomials do satisfy a natural Nullstellensatz and those generated by homogeneous analytic polynomials have a particularly simple description. The article also connects the results here for *-ideals to the literature on Nullstellensatz for left ideals in *-algebras generally and in F<x,x*> in particular. It also develops the concomitant general theory of *-ideals in general *-algebras.

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