Minimum ranks of sign patterns via sign vectors and duality

DOI10.13001/1081-3810.3077zbMATH Open1326.15045arXiv1312.6048OpenAlexW2962842022MaRDI QIDQ3448196FDOQ3448196

Authors: Marina Arav, Frank J. Hall, Zhongshan Li, Hein van der Holst, John Sinkovic, Li-Hua Zhang 

Publication date: 23 October 2015

Published in: The Electronic Journal of Linear Algebra (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: A {it sign pattern matrix} is a matrix whose entries are from the set $+,-,0$. The minimum rank of a sign pattern matrix $A$ is the minimum of the ranks of the real matrices whose entries have signs equal to the corresponding entries of $A$. It is shown in this paper that for any $mimesn$ sign pattern $A$ with minimum rank $n-2$, rational realization of the minimum rank is possible. This is done using a new approach involving sign vectors and duality. It is shown that for each integer $ngeq9$, there exists a nonnegative integer $m$ such that there exists an $nimesm$ sign pattern matrix with minimum rank $n-3$ for which rational realization is not possible. A characterization of $mimesn$ sign patterns $A$ with minimum rank $n-1$ is given (which solves an open problem in Brualdi et al. cite{Bru10}), along with a more general description of sign patterns with minimum rank $r$, in terms of sign vectors of certain subspaces. A number of results on the maximum and minimum numbers of sign vectors of $k$-dimensional subspaces of $mathbb{R}^n$ are obtained. In particular, it is shown that the maximum number of sign vectors of $2$-dimensional subspaces of $mathbb{R}^n$ is $4n+1$. Several related open problems are stated along the way.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1312.6048

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zbMATH Keywords

minimum ranksign pattern matrixmaximum ranksign vectorsrational realizationoriented matroid duality

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Vector spaces, linear dependence, rank, lineability (15A03) Sign pattern matrices (15B35)

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