Minimum ranks of sign patterns via sign vectors and duality

DOI10.13001/1081-3810.3077MaRDI QIDQ3448196zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Marina Arav, Frank J. Hall, Zhongshan Li, Hein van der Holst, John Sinkovic, Li-Hua Zhang

Publication date 23 October 2015

Published in The Electronic Journal of Linear Algebra (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1312.6048

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zbMATH Keywords

minimum ranksign pattern matrixmaximum ranksign vectorsrational realizationoriented matroid duality

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Vector spaces, linear dependence, rank, lineability (15A03) Sign pattern matrices (15B35)

Abstract: A {it sign pattern matrix} is a matrix whose entries are from the set $+,-,0$. The minimum rank of a sign pattern matrix $A$ is the minimum of the ranks of the real matrices whose entries have signs equal to the corresponding entries of $A$. It is shown in this paper that for any $mimesn$ sign pattern $A$ with minimum rank $n-2$, rational realization of the minimum rank is possible. This is done using a new approach involving sign vectors and duality. It is shown that for each integer $ngeq9$, there exists a nonnegative integer $m$ such that there exists an $nimesm$ sign pattern matrix with minimum rank $n-3$ for which rational realization is not possible. A characterization of $mimesn$ sign patterns $A$ with minimum rank $n-1$ is given (which solves an open problem in Brualdi et al. cite{Bru10}), along with a more general description of sign patterns with minimum rank $r$, in terms of sign vectors of certain subspaces. A number of results on the maximum and minimum numbers of sign vectors of $k$-dimensional subspaces of $mathbb{R}^n$ are obtained. In particular, it is shown that the maximum number of sign vectors of $2$-dimensional subspaces of $mathbb{R}^n$ is $4n+1$. Several related open problems are stated along the way.

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• Interval matrices: realization of ranks by rational matrices
• Sign patterns of rational matrices with large rank
• Minimum ranks of sign patterns and zero-nonzero patterns and point-hyperplane configurations
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• Minimum rank and maximum eigenvalue multiplicity of symmetric tree sign patterns
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• Ranks of zero patterns and sign patterns^*
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• A note on minimum rank and maximum nullity of sign patterns
• Generalization of real interval matrices to other fields
• Sign patterns of rational matrices with large rank. II
• Low Rank Matrices with a Given Sign Pattern
• A remark on ranks of sign patterns
• Rational realization of the minimum ranks of nonnegative sign pattern matrices.
• Rank conditions for sign patterns that allow diagonalizability

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