On the stationary Navier-Stokes equations in the half-plane

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Abstract: We consider the stationary incompressible Navier-Stokes equation in the half-plane with inhomogeneous boundary condition. We prove existence of strong solutions for boundary data close to any Jeffery-Hamel solution with small flux evaluated on the boundary. The perturbation of the Jeffery-Hamel solution on the boundary has to satisfy a nonlinear compatibility condition which corresponds to the integral of the velocity field on the boundary. The first component of this integral is the flux which is an invariant quantity, but the second, called the asymmetry, is not invariant, which leads to one compatibility condition. Finally, we prove existence of weak solutions, as well as weak-strong uniqueness for small data.


The stationary Navier-Stokes equations in the half-plane with a specific boundary condition is studied in the paper. The problem is considered in \[ \Omega=\{(x,y)\in \mathbb{R}^2:y>1 \}. \] The velocity \(v=(v_1,v_2)\) and the pressure \(p\) satisfy to the equations and boundary conditions \[ \begin{aligned}\Delta v-v\cdot\nabla v-\nabla p=0 ,\quad \text{div}\,v=0,\quad (x,y)\in\Omega,\\ v\big|_{y=1}=u(x),\quad \lim\limits_{| x|\to\infty}v=0,\end{aligned}\tag{1} \] where \(u(x)=(u_1,u_2)\) is a given vector function of special form. Namely \[ u=u_\Phi+(A,0)\frac{1}{\sqrt{2\pi}}\exp\left( -\frac{1}{2}x^2 \right)+u_s, \] where \(A\) is the parameter, \(u_s\) is the vector with zero flux, \[ \int\limits_{\mathbb{R}}u_s=0, \] \(u_\Phi\) is the trace of the Jeffery-Hamel solution on the boundary \(\{(x,1),x\in \mathbb{R} \}\) of \(\Omega\). The Jeffery-Hamel solution is the radial scale invariant solution to the 2-D stationary Navier-Stokes equations in half-plane \(G=\{(x,y)\in \mathbb{R}^2:y>0 \}\) \[ \begin{aligned} \Delta v-v\cdot\nabla v-\nabla p=0 ,\quad \text{div}\,v=0,\quad (x,y)\in G,\\ v\big|_{\partial G\setminus\{0\}}=0\end{aligned} \] with a given flux \(\Phi\). The authors prove the existence and uniqueness of weak and strong solution to the problem (1) under smallness condition for the data \(\Phi\) and \(u_s\). The numerical simulations of the asymptotic behavior of solutions are presented in the paper.



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