What makes a D₀ graph Schur positive?

DOI10.1007/S10801-016-0685-7MaRDI QIDQ345152zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Jonah Blasiak

Publication date 25 November 2016

Published in Journal of Algebraic Combinatorics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1411.3624

zbMATH Keywords

\(D\) graphsdual equivalence graphsKnuth transformationslinear programmingLLT polynomialsnoncommutative Schur functions

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Graph theory (05C99) Symmetric functions and generalizations (05E05)

Abstract: We define a D_0 graph to be a graph whose vertex set is a subset of permutations of n, with edges of the form ...bac... <--> ...bca... or ...acb... <--> ...cab... (Knuth transformations), or ...bac... <--> ...acb... or ...bca... <--> ...cab... (rotation transformations), such that whenever the Knuth and rotation transformations at positions i-1, i, i+1 are available at a vertex, exactly one of these is an edge. The generating function of such a graph is the sum of the quasisymmetric functions associated to the descent sets of its vertices. Assaf studied D_0 graphs in the paper *Dual equivalence and Schur positivity* and showed that they provide a rich source of examples of the D graphs defined in the paper *Dual equivalence graphs and a combinatorial proof of LLT and Macdonald positivity*. A key construction of Assaf expresses the coefficient of q^t in an LLT polynomial as the generating function of a certain D_0 graph. LLT polynomials are known to be Schur positive by work of Grojnowski-Haiman, and experimentation shows that many D_0 graphs have Schur positive generating functions, which suggests a vast generalization of LLT positivity in this setting. As part of a series of papers, we study D_0 graphs using the Fomin-Greene theory of noncommutative Schur functions. We construct a D_0 graph whose generating function is not Schur positive by solving a linear program related to a certain noncommutative Schur function. We go on to construct a D graph on the same vertex set as this D_0 graph.

Review text

A fundamental problem in the theory of LLT polynomials is to give a positive combinatorial expansion of these polynomials in terms of Schur functions. The paper under review is an attempt to attack this problem by studying \(D_0\) graphs by developing \textit{S. Fomin} and \textit{C. Greene}'s theory of noncommutative Schur functions [Discrete Math. 193, No. 1--3, 179--200 (1998; Zbl 1011.05062)]. In particular, the author constructed a \(D_0\) graph whose generating functions are not Schur positive. The result is surprisingly contrary to the speculation that \(D_0\) graphs always have Schur positive generating functions.

Recommendations

• Dual equivalence graphs revisited with applications to LLT and MacDonald polynomials
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• Dual equivalence graphs. I: a new paradigm for Schur positivity
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Cites work

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Cited in

(4)

• Robinson-Schensted correspondence for unit interval orders
• Variants of the RSK algorithm adapted to combinatorial Macdonald polynomials
• Noncommutative Schur functions, switchboards, and Schur positivity
• Kronecker coefficients and noncommutative super Schur functions

Describes a project that uses

Uses Software

• Magma
• Algorithm 457

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