The average of the first invariant factor for reductions of CM elliptic curves mod p

Publication date 23 December 2015

Abstract: Let

E / m a t h b b Q

be a fixed elliptic curve. For each prime

p

of good reduction, write

E (m a t h b b F_{p}) c o n g m a t h b b Z / d_{p} m a t h b b Z o p l u s m a t h b b Z / e_{p} m a t h b b Z

, where

d_{p} m i d e_{p}

. Kowalski proposed investigating the average value of

d_{p}

as

p

runs over the rational primes. For CM curves, he showed that

x l o g l o g x / l o g x l l s u m_{p l e x} d_{p} l l x s q r t l o g x

. It was shown recently by Felix and Murty that in fact

s u m_{p l e x} d_{p}

exceeds any constant multiple of

x l o g l o g x / l o g x

, once

x

is sufficiently large. In the opposite direction, Kim has shown that the expression

x s q r t l o g x

in the upper bound can be replaced by

x l o g l o g x

. In this paper, we obtain the correct order of magnitude for the sum:

s u m_{p l e x} d_{p} a s y m p x

for all large

x

.

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