Platonic contrariety (\textit{enantia}): ancestor of the Aristotelian notion of contradiction (\textit{antiphasis})?

DOI10.1007/S11787-016-0141-4MaRDI QIDQ346754zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Geneviève Lachance

Publication date 30 November 2016

Published in Logica Universalis (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1007/s11787-016-0141-4

zbMATH Keywords

contradictioncontraryhistory of logicPlatoprinciple of non-contradiction

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

History of Greek and Roman mathematics (01A20) History of mathematical logic and foundations (03-03) Classical propositional logic (03B05)

Review text

In this archaeology of the notion of contradiction, the author shows -- by examining various passages in Plato's dialogues (such as \textit{Charmides} (159a--160d), \textit{Gorgias} (454a--460e), \textit{Ion} (530d--532b), \textit{Laches} (192b--193d), (194d--199e), \textit{Hippias Major} (287e--289d), \textit{Protagoras} (338e--339d), \textit{Hippias Minor} (370e--371c)) and works by Aristotle on contradiction (\textit{antiphasis}) (in particular \textit{On sophistical refutations}) -- that the \textit{elenchos} (refutation) that shows up in Plato's dialogues, and for which we find an explicit definition in the \textit{Sophist} (230b--d), where Plato describes the refutative activity of the ``Noble Sophist, and the Platonic expression \textit{enantia legein autos hautôi} (to contradict oneself), for which a definition is provided in \textit{Apology of Socrates} (26e6--28a5), are actual precursors of \textit{antiphasis} and that Aristotle was directly influenced by Plato's definition of \textit{elenchos} in his definition of refutation in terms of \textit{antiphasis} in \textit{On sophistical refutations} (V, 167a23--27).

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Cited in

(7)

• The Cretan square
• Arguing for inconsistency: dialectical games in the academy
• The Pythagorean table of opposites, symbolic classification, and Aristotle
• The Vatican square
• Disentangling contradiction from contrariety via incompatibility
• The Principle of Non-Contradiction in Early Greek Philosophy
• Ancient relativity. Plato, Aristotle, Stoics, and sceptics

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