A nonlinear equation for ionic diffusion in a strong binary electrolyte

DOI10.1098/RSPA.2010.0028zbMATH Open1191.35262arXiv1203.6010OpenAlexW2169783919WikidataQ51542194 ScholiaQ51542194MaRDI QIDQ3569355FDOQ3569355

Authors: Sandip Ghosal, Zhen Chen 

Publication date: 18 June 2010

Published in: Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: The problem of the one dimensional electro-diffusion of ions in a strong binary electrolyte is considered. In such a system the solute dissociates completely into two species of ions with unlike charges. The mathematical description consists of a diffusion equation for each species augmented by transport due to a self consistent electrostatic field determined by the Poisson equation. This mathematical framework also describes other important problems in physics such as electron and hole diffusion across semi-conductor junctions and the diffusion of ions in plasmas. If concentrations do not vary appreciably over distances of the order of the Debye length, the Poisson equation can be replaced by the condition of local charge neutrality first introduced by Planck. It can then be shown that both species diffuse at the same rate with a common diffusivity that is intermediate between that of the slow and fast species (ambipolar diffusion). Here we derive a more general theory by exploiting the ratio of Debye length to a characteristic length scale as a small asymptotic parameter. It is shown that the concentration of either species may be described by a nonlinear integro-differential equation which replaces the classical linear equation for ambipolar diffusion but reduces to it in the appropriate limit. Through numerical integration of the full set of equations it is shown that this nonlinear equation provides a better approximation to the exact solution than the linear equation it replaces.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1203.6010

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zbMATH Keywords

Poisson-Nernst-Planck systemambipolar diffusionbinary electrolyteelectro-diffusionliquid junction

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

PDEs in connection with optics and electromagnetic theory (35Q60) Diffusion (76R50) Magnetohydrodynamics and electrohydrodynamics (76W05) Electromagnetic theory (general) (78A25)

Cites Work

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Cited In (5)

• Nonlinear Ionic Diffusion Through Charged Polymeric Gels
• Decomposition of the two-dimensional Nernst-Planck-Poisson equations for a ternary electrolyte
• An analysis of nonlinear ion transport model including diffusion and migration
• An algebraic calculation method for describing time-dependent processes in electrochemistry -- expansion of existing procedures
• Emergent behaviour in electrodiffusion: Planck's other quanta

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