Fixed-point definability and polynomial time on chordal graphs and line graphs

DOI10.1007/978-3-642-15025-8_17zbMATH Open1287.68064arXiv1001.2572OpenAlexW2963086889MaRDI QIDQ3586010FDOQ3586010

Martin Grohe

Publication date: 3 September 2010

Published in: Fields of Logic and Computation (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: The question of whether there is a logic that captures polynomial time was formulated by Yuri Gurevich in 1988. It is still wide open and regarded as one of the main open problems in finite model theory and database theory. Partial results have been obtained for specific classes of structures. In particular, it is known that fixed-point logic with counting captures polynomial time on all classes of graphs with excluded minors. The introductory part of this paper is a short survey of the state-of-the-art in the quest for a logic capturing polynomial time. The main part of the paper is concerned with classes of graphs defined by excluding induced subgraphs. Two of the most fundamental such classes are the class of chordal graphs and the class of line graphs. We prove that capturing polynomial time on either of these classes is as hard as capturing it on the class of all graphs. In particular, this implies that fixed-point logic with counting does not capture polynomial time on these classes. Then we prove that fixed-point logic with counting does capture polynomial time on the class of all graphs that are both chordal and line graphs.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1001.2572

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zbMATH Keywords

descriptive complexity theoryfixed-point logic

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Model theory of finite structures (03C13) Complexity classes (hierarchies, relations among complexity classes, etc.) (68Q15) Descriptive complexity and finite models (68Q19)

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