Parabolic equations with p,q-growth

DOI10.1016/J.MATPUR.2013.01.012MaRDI QIDQ391499zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Verena Bögelein, Frank Duzaar, Paolo Marcellini

Publication date 10 January 2014

Published in Journal de Mathématiques Pures et Appliquées. Neuvième Série (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpur.2013.01.012

Cauchy-Dirichlet problem gradient estimates nonstandard \(p,q\)-growth

Smoothness and regularity of solutions to PDEs (35B65) Weak solutions to PDEs (35D30) Quasilinear parabolic equations (35K59)

Review text

Given \(\Omega\subset\mathbb R^N\) a bounded open set with boundary \(\partial\Omega\) and \(T>0\), the authors consider the parabolic problem NEWLINE\[NEWLINE \partial_t u-\mathrm{div}a(x,t,\nabla u)=0\text{ in }\Omega_T=\Omega\times(0,T). \tag{1}NEWLINE\]NEWLINE The vector field \(a:\Omega_T\times\mathbb R^N\to \mathbb R^N\) is assumed to be differentiable with respect to the spacial variable \(x\) and with respect to the gradient variable, and to satisfy the following non-standard growth and ellipticity conditions: NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINE\[NEWLINE\begin{cases} | a(x,t,\xi )| +(\mu^2+|\xi|^2)^{\frac {1}{2}}|\partial_\xi a(x,t,\xi)|\leq L(\mu^2+|\xi|^2)^{\frac{q-1}{2}},\\ \langle \partial_\xi a(x,t,\xi)\tilde\xi,\tilde\xi\rangle \geq \nu(\mu^2+| \xi|^2)^{\frac{p-2}{2}}|\tilde\xi|^2,\\ |\partial_xa_j(x,t,\xi)|\leq L(\mu^2+|\xi|^2)^{\frac{p+q-2}{4}},\\ |\partial_{\xi_l}a_j(x,t,\xi)-\partial_{\xi_j}a_l(x,t,\xi)|\leq L(\mu^2+|\xi|^2)^{\frac{p+q-4}{4}}, \end{cases}\tag{2}NEWLINE\]NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINEfor any \((x,t)\in\Omega_T\), \(\xi,\tilde\xi\in\mathbb R^N\), \(j,l=1,\ldots ,N\), where \(2\leq p<q\) and \(\nu, L>0\) and \(\mu\in [0,1]\).NEWLINENEWLINEA weak solution to (1) is defined to be a function \(u\in L_{\mathrm{loc}}^q((0,T); W_{\mathrm{loc}}^{1,q}(\Omega))\) such that for every \(\varphi\in C_0^\infty(\Omega_T)\), NEWLINE\[NEWLINE \int_{\Omega_T}(u\cdot\varphi_t-\langle a(x,t,\nabla u),\nabla\varphi\rangle)dz=0.\tag{3}NEWLINE\]NEWLINE Under the assumption (2) and for \(2\leq p\leq q<p+\frac{4}{N}\), they show that any weak solution \(u\) of Problem (1) satisfies the following: \(\nabla u\in L_{\mathrm{loc}}^\infty(\Omega_T,\mathbb R^N)\) and for any parabolic cylinder \(Q_\rho (z_0)\Subset \Omega_T\) and \(s\in (0,1)\) there holds NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINE\[NEWLINE\begin{aligned} \sup_{Q_{s\rho}(z_0)}|\nabla u|\leq C\left[\frac{1}{[(1-s)\rho]^{\hat N+2}}\int_{Q_\rho(z_0)}(1+|\nabla u|^2)^{\frac{q}{2}}\;dz\right]^{\frac 1q\frac{2q}{4-\hat N(q-p)}}, \end{aligned}NEWLINE\]NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINE for some constant \(C=C(\hat N,p,q,\nu,L)\), where \(\hat N=N\) if \(N\geq 3\) and \(\hat N\) is any number in \((2,\frac{4}{q-p})\) if \(N=2\). NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINEIn the second part of the article, the authors investigate the Cauchy-Dirichlet problem associated with the parabolic equation (1) and given by NEWLINE\[NEWLINE \partial_t u-\mathrm{div}\, a(x,t,\nabla u)=0\text{ in }\Omega_T,\;\; u=g\text{ on }\partial_P\Omega_T, \tag{4}NEWLINE\]NEWLINE where \(\partial_P\Omega_T=(\partial\Omega\times (0,T))\cup (\Omega\times\{0\})\) is the parabolic boundary of \(\Omega_T\). A function \(u\in L^p((0,T); W^{1,p}(\Omega))\cap L_{\mathrm{loc}}^q((0,T); W_{\mathrm{loc}}^{1,q}(\Omega))\) is said to be a weak solution of Problem (4) if (3) holds, \(u\in g+L^p((0,T);W_0^{1,p}(\Omega))\) and \(u(\cdot,0)=g(\cdot,0)\) in the \(L^2\)-sense. Some existence results and some gradient estimates of weak solutions to (4) have been obtained.

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