Euclidean pairs and quasi-Euclidean rings.

DOI10.1016/J.JALGEBRA.2014.02.009MaRDI QIDQ402430zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Adel Alahmadi, André Leroy, S. K. Jain, T. Y. Lam

Publication date 28 August 2014

Published in Journal of Algebra (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jalgebra.2014.02.009

Bézout rings GE-rings Hermite rings idempotent matrices noncommutative Euclidean rings quasi-Euclidean rings unit-regular rings von Neumann regular rings

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Euclidean rings and generalizations (13F07) Factorization of matrices (15A23) Algebraic systems of matrices (15A30) von Neumann regular rings and generalizations (associative algebraic aspects) (16E50) Endomorphism rings; matrix rings (16S50) Divisibility, noncommutative UFDs (16U30) Generalizations of commutativity (associative rings and algebras) (16U80)

Review text

The authors study the interplay between quasi-Euclidean properties and matrix properties (such as diagonalization of rectangular matrices and factorization into products of idempotent matrices) over noncommutative unital rings. Their fundamental concept is that of a right Euclidean pair for a ring \(R\), meaning an ordered pair \((a,b)\in R^2\) which has a terminating sequence of divisions with remainders of the form \(a=bq_1+r_1\), \(b=r_1q_2+r_2\), \(r_1=r_2q_3+r_3\),\dots, \(r_{n-1}=r_nq_{n+1}+r_{n+1}\) for some \(q_i,r_i \in R\) with \(r_{n+1}=0\). The ring \(R\) is called right quasi-Euclidean if all ordered pairs in \(R^2\) are right Euclidean. These properties are related to the possibilities that \(R\) is a right K-Hermite ring (for each \((a,b)\in R^2\), there exist \(r\in R\) and \(Q\in GL_2(R)\) such that \((a,b)=(r,0)Q\)), a \(GE_n\) ring (meaning that \(GL_n(R)\) is generated by elementary matrices), or a right Bezout ring (every finitely generated right ideal is principal).NEWLINENEWLINE The main results include the following: (I) A ring \(R\) is right quasi-Euclidean if and only if it is a \(GE_2\)-ring and a right K-Hermite ring, in which case it is a \(GE_n\)-ring for all \(n\). (II) An integral domain \(R\) is right quasi-Euclidean if and only if \(R\) is a \(GE_2\)-ring, every finitely generated projective right \(R\)-module is free of unique rank, and every matrix \(\left(\begin{smallmatrix} a&b\\ 0&0\end{smallmatrix}\right)\in M_2(R)\) is a product of idempotent matrices. (III) Every matrix ring over a right quasi-Euclidean ring is right quasi-Euclidean. (IV) A left quasi-Euclidean ring is right quasi-Euclidean if and only if it is a right Bezout ring, and a left quasi-Euclidean domain is right quasi-Euclidean if and only if it is a right Ore domain. (V) If \(R\) is a right and left quasi-Euclidean domain, then every matrix in \(M_n(R)\) whose left (or right) annihilator in \(M_n(R)\) is nonzero is a product of idempotent matrices. This generalizes the result for commutative Euclidean domains due to \textit{T. J. Laffey} [Linear Multilinear Algebra 14, 309-314 (1983; Zbl 0526.15008)].NEWLINENEWLINE The authors also prove that every unit-regular ring is right and left quasi-Euclidean. In contrast, a famous example of G. Bergman appearing in [\textit{D. Handelman}, J. Algebra 48, 1-16 (1977; Zbl 0363.16009)] is shown to be a right and left quasi-Euclidean, von Neumann regular ring which is not even Dedekind finite (directly finite).

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