Asymptotic behavior of the eigenvalues of the p(x)-Laplacian
Asymptotic behavior of the eigenvalues of the \(p(x)\)-Laplacian
Let \(\Omega\) be a bounded domain in \(\mathbb R^n\), \(n\geq 1\), let \(p\in C(\overline{\Omega},]1,\infty[)\), let \(L^p(\Omega)\) be the space of classes of measurable functions \(u\) such that \[ | u|_p\equiv \inf\left\{\nu>0:\,\int_\Omega\frac{1}{p(x)}| \frac{u(x)}{\nu}|^{p(x)}\mathrm{d}x\leq1\right\}<\infty, \] \(W^{1,p}(\Omega)\) the space of elements of \(L^p(\Omega)\) such that \(\nabla u\in L^p(\Omega)^n\), and \(W_0^{1,p}(\Omega)\) the completion of \(C_{\text{c}}^\infty(\Omega)\) with respect to the \(W^{1,p}(\Omega)\) norm. Let \((\lambda_j)\) be the sequence of eigenvalues of the problem \[ -\operatorname{div}(| \frac{\nabla u}{| \nabla u| _p}| ^{p-2}\frac{\nabla u}{| \nabla u|_p})=\lambda\frac{\int_\Omega| \frac{\nabla u}{| \nabla u|_p}|^p\text{d}x}{\int_\Omega| \frac{u}{| u|_p}|^p\text{d}x}\,| \frac{u}{| u|_p}| ^{p-2}\frac{u}{| u|_p}, \] where \(u\in W_0^{1,p}(\Omega)\). Then, the authors prove the following result. Theorem. If \(p_1\), \(p_2\in\mathbb R\), \(1<p_1\leq p\leq p_2<\infty\), and \[ \sigma=n\left(\frac{1}{p_1}-\frac{1}{p_2}\right)<1,\quad \tau=\left(\frac{1}{p_1}-\frac{1}{p_2}\right)|\Omega| <1,\quad \kappa=\frac{(1+\tau)^{\frac{1}{p_1}}}{(1-\tau)^{\frac{1}{p_2}}}, \] then there are \(C_1\), \(C_2>0\) depending only on \(n\) and \(p_1\), \(p_2\) such that \[ C_1| \Omega| \left(\frac{\lambda}{\kappa}\right)^{\frac{n}{1+\sigma}}\leq\#\{j:\lambda_j<\lambda\}\leq C_2|\Omega| (\lambda\kappa)^{\frac{n}{1-\sigma}}\quad\text{for }\lambda>0\text{ large}. \]
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