scientific article; zbMATH DE number 194194
conservation lawsdifference methodseigenvalue problemsfactorizationsfinite element methodsGreen's functionsinverse M-matricesinverse monotonicityM-matricesmaximum principlesmethod of linesmonographynon-negativityperturbations
Positive matrices and their generalizations; cones of matrices (15B48) Boundary value problems for second-order elliptic equations (35J25) Initial-boundary value problems for second-order parabolic equations (35K20) Research exposition (monographs, survey articles) pertaining to numerical analysis (65-02) Numerical linear algebra (65Fxx) Numerical solution of discretized equations for boundary value problems involving PDEs (65N22) Finite element, Rayleigh-Ritz and Galerkin methods for boundary value problems involving PDEs (65N30)
The book consists of two parts, a general survey of the theory of M- matrices and an application of this theory in discretization methods for second order linear elliptic and parabolic differential equations. The first part contains the general definitions and properties of mainly non- singular M-matrices, the triangular and the tridiagonal case, perturbations and factorizations of M-matrices as well as different maximum principles. The second part deals with difference methods, finite element methods and the method of lines. Emphasis is laid on saving such basic properties of the continuous problems during the discretization process as inverse monotonicity, non-negativity and monotonicity of solutions, maximum principles and conservation laws. The last chapters are concerned with eigenvalue problems and the connection between Green's functions and inverse M-matrices. For proofs the author usually refers to the literature (of 53 items). But many examples are considered, in particular also ordinary differential equations for introductory purpose. Reviewer's remarks: Definition 1.27 and proposition 1.28 should be, however, `j\(<i'\) and `j\(\geq i'\) in (3.52) must be exchanged. Theorem 3.18 is trivial in view of the possibility \(A_ 1=I\). After (4.129) the estimation is monotone, but not necessarily \(\| y(t)\|\).
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